Radiological and microsurgical anatomy for variation of the mandible: comparative study of human and Macaca fascicularis.
Radiological and microsurgical anatomy for variation of the mandible: comparative study of human and Macaca fascicularis.
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下颌骨变异的放射学和显微外科解剖学：人类和食蟹猴的比较研究。
DOI：
10.1002/ar.23586
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamaki K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Iwanaga J;Watanabe K;Saga T;Tabira Y;Hirasaki E;Fisahn C;Tubbs S;Kusukawa J;Yamaki K.
最近使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）的研究增加了我们对人类下颌骨解剖变异的理解。然而，CBCT不能显示神经的分布。已经有关于下颌骨神经分布的调查，但这些变化的一些原因仍然存在争议。本研究采用CBCT技术，在体视显微镜下解剖观察了5只年龄和性别不详的食蟹猴下颌骨共10侧。10侧中有9侧每侧有两个颏孔。颏神经的支配取决于这些孔的位置。下颌角长分支与面动脉分支走行，面动脉分支10侧均与颏动脉汇合。5个标本在下颌骨中有正中穿通管。此外，舌下动脉的一个分支与颏下动脉的小分支汇合，从正中舌孔进入下颌骨。该孔位于下颌联合下部，经正中穿支管穿出正中唇孔，也位于下颌联合下部。我们推测下颌骨的正中穿通管是胎儿下颌骨供血动脉的残余，在人类中很少发现。所有的标本都有束状突起，因为它们没有颏突。Anat Rec，300：1464-1471，2017。© 2017 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Recent studies using cone‐beam computer tomography (CBCT) have added to our understanding of anatomical variation in the mandible of humans. However, the distribution of nerves cannot be revealed by CBCT. There have been investigations of the distribution of nerves relating to the mandible, but some proposed causes of these variations remain controversial. In this study, we observed a total of 10 sides from five mandibles ofMacaca fascicularisof unknown age and sex using CBCT and dissection under stereomicroscopy. Nine of the 10 sides had two mental foramina in each side. Innervation by the mental nerves depended on the locations of those foramina. The long branch to the mandibular angle ran with a branch of the facial artery, which joined the mental artery in all 10 sides. Five specimens had a median perforating canal in the mandibular bone. In addition, a branch of the sublingual artery, which joined with the small branches of the submental artery, entered the mandibular bone from the median lingual foramen. This foramen was located in the lower part of the mandibular symphysis and passed via the median perforating canal to exit from the median labial foramen, also located in the lower part of the mandibular symphysis. We speculate that the median perforating canal of the mandible, rarely found in humans, is the remnant of the feeding artery of the fetal mandible, and inM. fascicularisis seen in all specimens because they have no mental protuberance. Anat Rec, 300:1464–1471, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.