How to be a frugivore (in a changing world)
How to be a frugivore (in a changing world)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actao.2011.01.005
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Corlett, Richard T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corlett, Richard T.
果实和种子的传播在世界各地正在出现的新景观中起着至关重要的作用。要想准确预测水果和食果动物的新组合相遇后会发生什么，可能需要对果实和种子的传播有更深入的了解，而不是只关注吃什么和/或排泄什么。这篇综述总结了我们所知道的和不知道的，从食果动物决定吃水果，到定位一个水果斑块，在斑块中选择水果，评估其在口中和食用后的质量，并处理种子。主要结论是，食果动物的功能多样性（记忆、感官、嘴巴、内脏等）仍然限制了我们做出预测的能力。我们理解中的关键空白包括空间记忆在觅食中的作用，食果动物如何（以及在什么阶段）区分不同营养成分的水果，通过将食后反馈与食前感官线索联系起来的饮食学习的作用，以及在水果加工过程中影响种子命运的植物性状。新景观中果实和种子传播的效率不一定限制植物生物量，但肯定会限制植物多样性。缓解措施需要更好地了解所涉及的所有过程。(C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS。版权所有。
Frugivory and seed dispersal have a crucial role to play in the novel landscapes that are emerging around the world. Robust predictions of what will happen when new combinations of fruits and frugivores meet are likely to require a more mechanistic understanding of frugivory and seed dispersal than we have at present, and one that does not focus solely on what eats and/or defecates what This review summarizes what we know-and don't know-at each stage from a frugivore deciding to eat fruit, through locating a fruit patch, selecting fruits within the patch, assessing their quality in the mouth and after ingestion, and dealing with the seeds. The major conclusion is that the functional diversity of frugivores (memory, senses, mouths, guts etc.) still limits our ability to make predictions. Key gaps in our understanding include the role of spatial memory in foraging, how (and at what stage) frugivores make the fine distinctions between fruits of differing nutrient contents that they appear capable of, the role of diet learning through linking post-ingestive feedback to pre-ingestive sensory cues, and the plant traits that influence seed fate during the processing of fruits. The efficiency of frugivory and seed dispersal in novel landscapes may not necessarily limit plant biomass, but it certainly limits plant diversity. Mitigation measures will require a better understanding of all the processes involved. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.