The diversity of hemi-epiphytic figs (Ficus; Moraceae) in a Bornean lowland rain forest
The diversity of hemi-epiphytic figs (Ficus; Moraceae) in a Bornean lowland rain forest
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DOI：
10.1046/j.0024-4066.2002.00205.x
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Palmiotto, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison, RD;Hamid, AA;Palmiotto, P
1998年，对沙捞越低地龙眼果林中半附生无花果的多样性和生态位特异性进行了调查。27种无花果(264个个体，约120公顷)分布在35个科的多样性寄主类群中，但密度很低，只有1.77%的乔木和GT；都被占领了。与寄主类群和寄主-树皮粗糙度的相关性不显著，但在11个常见树种(大于或等于9个个体)中，所有其他参数(寄主直径、定植高度和位置、冠照度、土壤质地和坡度)的分布差异显著，我们确定了5个无花果公会。行会对应于冠层，似乎反映了不同物种的建立微场地要求。半附生习性中的一个基本权衡被揭示出来：由于较低的寄主密度和更具体的微场地要求，定植较大寄主的物种较少，但具有较好的光环境和较大的最大尺寸。单一扼杀物种似乎逃脱了许多这些限制，并且是宿主倾覆造成的死亡的重要来源，表明了这一战略的优势。因此，这个群落中的半附生无花果在复杂环境的紧急情况下，尽管竞争水平较低，但已经填补了显著多样性的生态位。(C)2003年伦敦林奈学会。
The diversity and niche specificity of hemi-epiphytic figs in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak were investigated in 1998. Twenty-seven fig species (264 individuals, c. 120 ha) colonized a diversity of host taxa (35 families), but densities were very low and only 1.77% of trees >30 cm d.b.h. were occupied. There were no significant associations with host taxa or host-bark roughness but among 11 common species (greater than or equal to9 individuals) the distributions of all other parameters (host-d.b.h., height and position of colonization, crown illumination, soil-texture and slope-angle) were significantly different, and we identified five fig guilds. The guilds corresponded to canopy strata, and appeared to reflect the establishment microsite requirements of different species. A fundamental trade-off within the hemiepiphytic habit was revealed: Species colonizing larger hosts were rarer, because of lower host densities and more specific microsite requirements, but had better light environments and attained a larger maximum size. The single strangler species appeared to escape many of these constraints, and an important source of mortality caused by host-toppling, indicating the advantages of this strategy. Thus, the hemi-epiphytic figs in this community have come to fill a remarkable diversity of niches, despite low levels of competition, through the exigencies of a complex environment. (C) 2003 The Linnean Society of London.