Land clearing and the biofuel carbon debt
Land clearing and the biofuel carbon debt
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1152747
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发表时间：
2008-02-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Hawthorne, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fargione, Joseph;Hill, Jason;Hawthorne, Peter
不断增加的能源使用、气候变化和化石燃料产生的二氧化碳（CO2）排放使得转向低碳燃料成为当务之急。生物燃料是一种潜在的低碳能源，但生物燃料是否能节省碳排放取决于它们是如何生产的。在巴西、东南亚和美国，将热带雨林、泥炭地、稀树草原或草原转化为以粮食作物为基础的生物燃料所释放的二氧化碳比这些生物燃料取代化石燃料每年减少的温室气体（GHG）排放量多17至420倍，从而造成了“生物燃料碳债务”。相比之下，从废弃生物质或从种植多年生植物的退化和废弃农业土地上生长的生物质中提取的生物燃料产生的碳债务很少或没有碳债务，并且可以提供直接和持续的温室气体优势。
Increasing energy use, climate change, and carbon dioxide ( CO2) emissions from fossil fuels make switching to low- carbon fuels a high priority. Biofuels are a potential low- carbon energy source, but whether biofuels offer carbon savings depends on how they are produced. Converting rainforests, peatlands, savannas, or grasslands to produce food crop - based biofuels in Brazil, Southeast Asia, and the United States creates a "biofuel carbon debt" by releasing 17 to 420 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas ( GHG) reductions that these biofuels would provide by displacing fossil fuels. In contrast, biofuels made from waste biomass or from biomass grown on degraded and abandoned agricultural lands planted with perennials incur little or no carbon debt and can offer immediate and sustained GHG advantages.