Regulation by polycomb and trithorax group proteins in Arabidopsis.
Regulation by polycomb and trithorax group proteins in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.1199/tab.0128
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alvarez-Venegas, Raul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alvarez-Venegas, Raul
Polycomb group(PcG)和trithorax group(TrxG)蛋白是同源异型基因的关键调节基因，在细胞的增殖、生长和发育中起着至关重要的作用。PCG和trxG蛋白形成高阶蛋白质复合体，包含SET结构域蛋白，具有组蛋白甲基转移酶(HMTase)活性，负责核心组蛋白N端不同类型的赖氨酸甲基化。近年来，拟南芥的遗传学研究以及生化和细胞生物学分析使研究人员开始了解PcG和trxG蛋白是如何被招募到染色质中的，以及它们是如何调节它们的靶基因并阐明它们的功能的。本文综述了PcG和trxG蛋白的生物学功能及其分子作用机制的研究进展，并进一步探讨了组蛋白标记在拟南芥PcG和trxG调控中的作用。
Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) proteins are key regulators of homeotic genes and have crucial roles in cell proliferation, growth and development. PcG and trxG proteins form higher order protein complexes that contain SET domain proteins, with a histone methyltransferase (HMTase) activity, responsible for the different types of lysine methylation at the N-terminal tails of the core histone proteins. In recent years, genetic studies along with biochemical and cell biological analyses in Arabidopsis have enabled researchers to begin to understand how PcG and trxG proteins are recruited to chromatin and how they regulate their target genes and to elucidate their functions. This review focuses on the advances in our understanding of the biological roles of PcG and trxG proteins, their molecular mechanisms of action and further examines the role of histone marks in PcG and trxG regulation in Arabidopsis.