Runoff generation on abandoned fields in the Central Ebro Basin. Results from rainfall simulation experiments
Runoff generation on abandoned fields in the Central Ebro Basin. Results from rainfall simulation experiments
复制标题
埃布罗盆地中部废弃田地的径流生成。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Langer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ries;M. Langer
在半干旱的中央埃布罗盆地，根据Calvo等人（1988年）、Lasanta等人（1994年和2000年）的研究，使用小型移动的射流降雨模拟器对Maria de Huerva附近的废弃农田进行了降雨模拟试验，以研究径流产生和局部可蚀性的条件。在易结皮和易封土的粉质土壤上，水引起的径流和侵蚀速率差异很大，在结皮的幼龄休闲地上，径流系数在20 ~ 95%之间，侵蚀速率在9 ~ 460 gm ~（-2）之间。在第二分钟和第五分钟之间记录径流的开始。土壤表面封闭导致渗透率下降，从而增加径流相比，新耕作的农田。在老休耕地，值范围从0到76%和0到78克-2取决于其他参数，如坡度和土壤微生物的活动。在第三分钟和第十五分钟之间记录径流的开始。一个值得注意的事实是，物质输送量并没有随着植被覆盖的增加而显著减少。只有植被覆盖度超过60%时，物质产出才明显减少。径流率与Lasanta等人（2000年）在Penaflor附近废弃田地中记录的径流率在同一数量级，但Maria de Huerva的侵蚀率要低得多。
In the semi-arid Central Ebro basin experimental rainfall simulations with a small mobile jet rainfall simulator according to Calvo et al. (1988), Lasanta et al. (1994 and 2000) were carried out on abandoned fields near Maria de Huerva to investigate the conditions of runoff generation and local erodibility. On the silty soils, susceptible to soil sealing and crusting very divergent rates of runoff and erosion rates caused by water are found. On the crusted young fallow land runoff coefficients range between 20 and 95%, erosion rates range between 9 and 460 gm-2 in the experiments. The start of runoff was recorded between the second and fifth minute. Soil surface sealing leads to a decrease in infiltration rates and a consequent increase in runoff in comparison to freshly tilled agricultural fields. On the old fallow land, values range from 0 to 76% and 0 to 78 gm-2 depending on other parameters such as slope and the activity of the edaphon. The start of runoff was recorded between the third and the fifteenth minute. A remarkable fact is that material delivery does not significantly decrease with increasing vegetation cover. Only with a vegetation cover of over 60% does material output decrease obviously. The runoff rates show the same order of magnitude than those recorded by Lasanta et al. (2000) in abandoned fields near Penaflor, but the erosion rates in Maria de Huerva are significantly lower.