Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α/platelet derived growth factor axis in HIV-associated pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α/platelet derived growth factor axis in HIV-associated pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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DOI:
10.1186/1465-9921-12-103
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发表时间:
2011-08-05
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Dhillon NK
Dhillon NK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mermis J;Gu H;Xue B;Li F;Tawfik O;Buch S;Bartolome S;O'Brien-Ladner A;Dhillon NK

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人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者患肺动脉高压(PAH)的风险增加。最近的报告表明,HIV 相关病毒蛋白会诱导活性氧 (ROS),从而导致内皮细胞功能障碍和相关血管损伤。在这项研究中,我们探讨了 HIV 蛋白诱导的氧化应激对缺氧诱导因子 (HIF)-1α 和血小板衍生生长因子 (PDGF) 产生的影响,这些因子是 HIV-PAH 发病机制中涉及的关键介质。与野生型对照相比,对 4-5 个月大的 HIV-1 转基因 (Tg) 大鼠的肺部进行了肺血管重塑和 HIF-1α/PDGF-BB 表达的评估。在存在或不存在抗氧化剂预处理的情况下,用 HIV 相关蛋白处理人原代肺动脉内皮细胞 (HPAEC) 24 小时,然后评估 ROS 水平并对 HIF-1α 或 PDGF-BB 进行蛋白质印迹分析。 HIV-Tg 大鼠是一种在缺乏活跃 HIV-1 复制的情况下具有明显病毒蛋白诱导血管氧化应激的模型,与野生型对照相比,其肺血管内侧显着增厚,右心室质量增加,HIV-Tg 大鼠中 HIF-1α 和 PDGF-BB 表达增加。每只 HIV-Tg 大鼠中 HIF-1α 和 PDGF-B 链 mRNA 的上调与右心室/左心室+隔膜比率的增加直接相关。支持我们的体内研究结果,用 HIV 蛋白 Tat 和 gp120 处理的 HPAEC 表现出 ROS 增加,PDGF-BB 表达平行增加,并在用 R5 型 gp-120CM 处理时观察到最大诱导。用抗氧化剂预处理内皮细胞或用HIF-1α小干扰RNA转染细胞导致gp-120CM介导的PDGF-BB的诱导终止,因此,证实ROS的产生和HIF-1α的激活在gp120介导的PDGF-BB的上调中起着关键作用。总之,这些发现表明病毒蛋白诱导的氧化应激导致 HIF-1α 依赖性 PDGF-BB 上调,并表明该途径可能参与 HIV-PAH 的发展。
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients are at increased risk for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Recent reports have demonstrated that HIV associated viral proteins induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) with resultant endothelial cell dysfunction and related vascular injury. In this study, we explored the impact of HIV protein induced oxidative stress on production of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), critical mediators implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-PAH. The lungs from 4-5 months old HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats were assessed for the presence of pulmonary vascular remodeling and HIF-1α/PDGF-BB expression in comparison with wild type controls. Human primary pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAEC) were treated with HIV-associated proteins in the presence or absence of pretreatment with antioxidants, for 24 hrs followed by estimation of ROS levels and western blot analysis of HIF-1α or PDGF-BB. HIV-Tg rats, a model with marked viral protein induced vascular oxidative stress in the absence of active HIV-1 replication demonstrated significant medial thickening of pulmonary vessels and increased right ventricular mass compared to wild-type controls, with increased expression of HIF-1α and PDGF-BB in HIV-Tg rats. The up-regulation of both HIF-1α and PDGF-B chain mRNA in each HIV-Tg rat was directly correlated with an increase in right ventricular/left ventricular+septum ratio. Supporting our in-vivo findings, HPAECs treated with HIV-proteins: Tat and gp120, demonstrated increased ROS and parallel increase of PDGF-BB expression with the maximum induction observed on treatment with R5 type gp-120CM. Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with antioxidants or transfection of cells with HIF-1α small interfering RNA resulted in abrogation of gp-120CM mediated induction of PDGF-BB, therefore, confirming that ROS generation and activation of HIF-1α plays critical role in gp120 mediated up-regulation of PDGF-BB. In summary, these findings indicate that viral protein induced oxidative stress results in HIF-1α dependent up-regulation of PDGF-BB and suggests the possible involvement of this pathway in the development of HIV-PAH.
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