Modeling Interactions in Small Groups
Modeling Interactions in Small Groups
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DOI：
10.1177/0190272512467654
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Heise, David R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heise, David R.
一种关于小组内部互动的新理论认为，当小组成员的情景身份的情感意义与最近发生的事件产生的印象之间的紧张关系加剧时，小组成员就会发起行动。演员选择伙伴和行为，以减少紧张局势。基于这一理论的计算机模型，包括了针对整个群体的互惠交换和行动，被用来在500个虚拟陪审团中产生1000个互动。模拟陪审员的行为与实际陪审员在观察审议期间的工具性和表现性行为内容相匹配。该制度还再现了陪审员之间的性别差异，无论是在行为内容上还是在参与程度上。此外，该系统再现了由少数活跃参与者主导的小组互动。当该系统被用于分析陪审团以外的群体时，结果出现了看似合理的变化。这些结果表明，该理论和模型可以促进对小群体过程的研究。
A new theory of interaction within small groups posits that group members initiate actions when tension mounts between the affective meanings of their situational identities and impressions produced by recent events. Actors choose partners and behaviors so as to reduce the tensions. A computer model based on this theory, incorporating reciprocal exchanges and actions toward the whole group, was used to generate 1,000 interactions in 500 virtual juries. Behaviors of modeled jurors matched the instrumental and expressive content of behaviors among actual jurors during observed deliberations. The system also reproduced sex differences among jurors, both in behavioral content and in levels of participation. Additionally, the system reproduced the domination of small-group interaction by a few active participants. Plausible changes in outcomes resulted when the system was used to analyze groups other than juries. These results indicate that the theory and model can advance research on small-group processes.