Lithostratigraphy of the impactite and bedrock section of ICDP drill core D1c from the El'gygytgyn impact crater, Russia

Lithostratigraphy of the impactite and bedrock section of ICDP drill core D1c from the El'gygytgyn impact crater, Russia
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俄罗斯 Elgygytgyn 撞击坑 ICDP 钻芯 D1c 的冲击岩和基岩部分的岩石地层学

DOI:
10.1111/maps.12072
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Koeberl
Koeberl
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Raschke;Reimold;Pittarello;Koeberl

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2008/2009年,国际大陆科学钻探方案(大陆科学钻探方案)从位于楚科塔半岛(俄罗斯)的El‘gytgyn撞击构造获得钻芯。这些岩心提供了有史以来从硅质火山岩中的撞击结构中获得的最完整的地质剖面。岩石地层学上覆有较厚的湖相沉积、冲击角砾岩和变形的目的岩。从316m(湖底以下-BLF)到517m深度的岩心末端,可细分为4个岩性层序。在深度316米处,受冲击的目的岩的第一次介观碎屑出现在湖相沉积中。随着深度的增加,目的岩碎屑的丰度不断增加,湖相沉积组分相应减少,表明该过渡带的深度达到328米。它构成了一个重新改造的冲击角砾岩和湖泊沉积的混合带。在这个重新构造的剖面中,火山碎屑显示了震荡变质作用的所有阶段,直到熔融。下伏单元(深度328-390米)代表了一种多重撞击角砾岩,在各种各样的火山碎屑中有相当多的冲击变形证据。这包括具有平面断裂和平面变形特征的石英碎片(PDF)。此外,在三个深度,还发现了几个厘米大小的碎屑,带有破碎的圆锥体。由于在角砾岩的基质中发现了相对罕见的微观撞击熔体颗粒,这种材料可以很有把握地被标记为硫橄榄岩。同样在这个层序中,三个未受冲击的、厚1米的火山岩块相交出现在333.83、351.52和383.00米深的地方。上基岩单元开始于390.74米深,厚度为30.15米,代表了一系列不同的火山岩-上部的玄武岩成分从390.74米到391.79米深,覆盖在较低的流纹质部分,从391.79米到420.27米深。这个(原地的)基底单元只受到冲击的微弱影响:在391.33米深只记录了一个受冲击的石英颗粒和两套PDF。下部基岩单元(420.89-517.09米深[岩心末端])是一种脆性变形的、相当均匀的焊接褐闪岩,部分可被认为是碎裂岩。该段顶部三米处为剪切变形,可能代表了碰撞前的构造变形。在471.42-471.96米深处有54厘米厚的多金属冲击角砾岩注入。
In 2008/2009, the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) obtained drill cores from the El'gygytgyn impact structure located on the Chukotka Peninsula (Russia). These cores provide the most complete geological section ever obtained from an impact structure in siliceous volcanic rock. The lithostratigraphy comprises a thick sequence of lacustrine sediments overlying impact breccias and deformed target rock. The interval from 316 m (below lake floor—blf) to the end of the core at 517 m depth can be subdivided into four lithological sequences. At 316 m depth, the first mesoscopic clasts of shocked target rock occur in lacustrine sediments. The growing abundance of target rock clasts with increasing depth and corresponding decrease of lacustrine sediment components indicate the extent of this transition zone to 328 m depth. It constitutes a zone of mixed reworked impact breccia and lacustrine sediments. Volcanic clasts in thisreworked suevitesection show all stages of shock metamorphism, up to melting. The underlying unit (328–390 m depth) represents asuevitepackage, a polymict impact breccia, with considerable evidence of shock deformation in a wide variety of volcanic clasts. This includes fragments with quartz that exhibit planar fractures and planar deformation features (PDF). In addition, at three depths, several centimeter‐sized clasts with shatter cones were detected. Due to microanalytical identification of relatively rare, microscopic impact melt particles in the matrix of this breccia, this material can be confidently labeled a suevite. Also in this sequence, three unshocked, <1 m thick intersections of volcanic blocks occur at 333.83, 351.52, and 383.00 m depths. Theupper bedrockunit begins at 390.74 m depth, has a thickness of 30.15 m, and represents a sequence of different volcanic rocks—an upper part with basaltic composition from 390.74 to 391.79 m depth overlying a lower, rhyodacitic part from 391.79 to 420.27 m depth. This (parautochthonous) basement unit is only very weakly affected by the impact: only one shocked quartz grain with two sets of PDF was recorded at 391.33 m depth. Thelower bedrockunit (420.89–517.09 m depth [end of core]) is a brittly deformed, rather homogeneous welded ignimbrite that in part can be considered a cataclasite. The top three meters of this section are sheared, which could represent pre‐impact tectonic deformation. A 54 cm thick injection of polymict impact breccia occurs at 471.42–471.96 m depth.
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发表时间: 2013
影响因子: 2.2
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