Navigating the Eternally Unfolding Present
Navigating the Eternally Unfolding Present
复制标题
驾驭永恒展开的当下
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Wagenaar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. D. N. Cook;H. Wagenaar
本文的主题是实践理论。使用公共管理的一个详细例子，我们首先讨论作为应用知识的实践模式的缺点，我们将其称为接受的观点。这篇文章的前半部分是对《收到的观点》连续改编的年表。这些改编逐渐带来了与近年来社会理论和研究中以实践为导向的批评更加一致的接受观点。然而，这些改编没有提供一个解释实践、知识和背景之间关系的理论解释。这些适应不能像我们希望的那样，表明知识和背景如何在实践中被解释--并在实践中被唤起，而不是反过来--这在现实世界中发生，每个现实世界都有自己独特的约束和负担、历史和未来。在文章的后半部分，我们选择了实践、知识和语境的关系概念，在这个概念中，实践是不同的和主要的。为了发展实践理论的这一方面，我们利用了现代日本哲学中的一些关键概念。日本哲学的非二元论立场对实践之间的动态和流动关系、手头情况的特征以及实践本身的认识要素产生了有用的概念化。在这最后一节中，我们将介绍三个概念，它们有助于捕捉对实践的动态关系理解：“可操作的理解”、“进行中的业务”和“永恒展开的当下”。
The topic of the article is practice theory. Using a detailed example from public administration, we first discus the shortcomings of the model of practice as applied knowledge that we have dubbed the Received View. The first half of the article is a chronology of successive adaptations of the Received View. These adaptations have gradually brought the Received View more in accordance with the practice-oriented critique in social theory and research of recent years. These adaptations fall short, however, of offering a theoretical account that explains the relationships among practice, knowledge, and context. These adaptations do not enable us to show, as we wish to do, how knowledge and context can be explained in terms of—and are evoked within—practice, and not the other way round—and that this transpires within real worlds each of which has its own unique constraints and affordances, histories and futures. In the second half of the article, we pick up on a relational conception of practice, knowledge, and context in which practice is distinct and primary. To develop this aspect of practice theory, we make use of some key concepts from modern Japanese philosophy. The nondualist posture of Japanese philosophy gives rise to a useful conceptualization of the dynamic and fluid relationships among practice, the characteristics of the situation at hand, and the epistemic elements of practice itself. In this final section, we introduce three concepts that help capture this dynamic, relational understanding of practice: “actionable understanding,” “ongoing business,” and “the eternally unfolding present.”