Asymmetry of magnetosheath flows and magnetopause shape during low Alfvén Mach number solar wind

Asymmetry of magnetosheath flows and magnetopause shape during low Alfvén Mach number solar wind
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低阿尔文马赫数太阳风期间磁鞘流和磁层顶形状的不对称性

DOI:
10.1002/jgra.50145
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lavraud B
Lavraud B
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--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lavraud B

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以前的工作强调了太阳风阿尔文马赫数(MA)对磁层动力学的重要影响。在这里,我们报告的统计,观测结果,属于磁鞘流分布和磁层顶形状的变化作为太阳风MA和行星际磁场(IMF)的时钟角方向的函数。我们使用所有的群集1数据在2001年至2010年期间的磁鞘,使用适当的空间叠加程序,产生磁鞘流分布作为一个功能的位置在磁鞘相对于IMF和其他参数。结果表明,在垂直于日地线的平面中,磁鞘中的增强流预计在准垂直于IMF方向的位置;换句话说,对于向北IMF的特殊情况,在磁层的黎明和黄昏侧翼观察到增强流,而在两极上方观察到低得多的流。最大的气流在磁层顶附近。使用适当的磁层顶交叉列表(高和低MA),我们还调查了磁层顶形状的变化作为太阳风MA和IMF方向的函数。将观测到的磁层顶穿越与轴对称半经验模型预测的位置进行比较,我们从统计学上表明,在高MA期间,磁层顶通常是圆形的,而在低MA期间,磁层顶沿着IMF的方向沿着伸长(尽管具有中等的统计显著性)。这些研究结果是一致的增强的磁力,在磁鞘中盛行lowMA。平行于磁层顶的磁力分量产生沿磁层顶沿着和邻近磁层顶的增强流,而垂直于磁层顶的分量对磁层顶施加非对称压力,使磁层顶变形成细长形状。
Previous works have emphasized the significant influence of the solar wind Alfvén Mach number (MA) on magnetospheric dynamics. Here we report statistical, observational results that pertain to changes in the magnetosheath flow distribution and magnetopause shape as a function of solar windMAand interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle orientation. We use all Cluster 1 data in the magnetosheath during the period 2001–2010, using an appropriate spatial superposition procedure, to produce magnetosheath flow distributions as a function of location in the magnetosheath relative to the IMF and other parameters. The results demonstrate that enhanced flows in the magnetosheath are expected at locations quasi‐perpendicular to the IMF direction in the plane perpendicular to the Sun‐Earth line; in other words, for the special case of a northward IMF, enhanced flows are observed on the dawn and dusk flanks of the magnetosphere, while much lower flows are observed above the poles. The largest flows are adjacent to the magnetopause. Using appropriate magnetopause crossing lists (for both high and lowMA), we also investigate the changes in magnetopause shape as a function of solar windMAand IMF orientation. Comparing observed magnetopause crossings with predicted positions from an axisymmetric semi‐empirical model, we statistically show that the magnetopause is generally circular during highMA, while is it elongated (albeit with moderate statistical significance) along the direction of the IMF during lowMA. These findings are consistent with enhanced magnetic forces that prevail in the magnetosheath during lowMA. The component of the magnetic forces parallel to the magnetopause produces the enhanced flows along and adjacent to the magnetopause, while the component normal to the magnetopause exerts an asymmetric pressure on the magnetopause that deforms it into an elongated shape.
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