Spacecraft Charging: Observations and Relationship to Satellite Anomalies
Spacecraft Charging: Observations and Relationship to Satellite Anomalies
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发表时间：
2001-08
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通讯作者：
J. Fennell;H. Koons;J. Roeder;J. Blake
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作者：
J. Fennell;H. Koons;J. Roeder;J. Blake
摘要：许多研究表明，卫星充电会对航天器造成异常。SCATHA（航天器高空充电）卫星被用来确定条件和记录卫星充电的存在。它被用来测量充电和检测发生的静电放电。放电可以被观察到，并可以表征为表面或内部充电相关。最近，对高倾角地球轨道卫星（HBO）上的充电进行了观察。HBO和SCATHA的充电数据都显示出与亚风暴注入等离子体电子的预期运动相一致的发生模式。SCATHA数据是在近地球同步轨道上采集的，HBO数据是在630倾角轨道上大范围高度上采集的。SCATHA数据表明，内部放电速率与高能电子强度（Ee > 100 keV）有关，在统计上，它们的发生在当地中午附近达到峰值。这些结果可以从能穿透屏蔽的电子的通量水平来理解。HBO高能粒子数据与CRRES、GOES和GPS数据相结合，估计了一些最坏情况下的内部充电通量水平。
Abstract : Many studies have shown that satellite charging can cause anomalies on spacecraft. The SCATHA (Spacecraft Charging AT High Altitude) satellite was flown to determine the conditions and document the existence of satellite charging. It was instrumented to measure charging and to detect electrostatic discharges that occurred. Discharges were observed and could be characterized as either surface or internal charging related. More recently, observations were made of charging on a high-inclination Earth-orbiting (HBO) satellite. Both the HBO and SCATHA charging data show occurrence patterns that are consistent with the expected motions of substorm-injected plasma electrons. The SCATHA data was taken in the near-geosynchronous orbit and the HBO data was taken over a wide range of altitudes in a 630 inclination orbit. The SCATHA data showed that the internal discharge rates were related to the intensities of energetic electrons (Ee > 100 keV) and that, statistically, their occurrence peaked near local noon. These results can be understood in terms of the flux levels of electrons that can penetrate shielding. The HBO energetic particle data have been combined with CRRES, GOES, and GPS data to estimate some worst-case levels of internal charging fluxes.