Improving physical fitness and emotional well-being in adolescents of low socioeconomic status in Chile:: results of a school-based controlled trial
Improving physical fitness and emotional well-being in adolescents of low socioeconomic status in Chile:: results of a school-based controlled trial
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DOI：
10.1093/heapro/dah603
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Coronado, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonhauser, M;Fernandez, G;Coronado, G
有规律的身体活动与全因死亡率、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率的降低有关。在青少年中，体育活动与预防和控制情绪困扰以及提高自尊有关。智利等处于流行病过渡时期的国家需要制定有效战略，改善身体活动，作为应对慢性病流行的一种方式。本研究的目的是评估以学校为基础的体育活动计划对生活在智利圣地亚哥低社会经济地位地区的青少年身体健康和心理健康状况的影响。采用准实验设计来评估该计划在一学年中的效果。这项研究包括198名15岁的学生。随机选择两个九年级班级作为干预组，两个同年级班级作为对照组。一种社会规划方法被用于发展干预。该计划是根据学生的喜好、教师的专业知识和当地资源来设计和实施的。评估生理和心理健康状况的变化。干预后，干预组最大氧容量显著增加8.5%，而对照组为1.8% （p < 0.0001）。与对照组相比，干预组的速度和跳跃成绩得分显著提高（p < 0.01）。干预组焦虑得分下降13.7%，对照组2.8% (p < 0.01)；干预组自尊得分上升2.3%，对照组下降0.1% （p < 0.0001）。抑郁评分无明显变化。学生的参与率和依从性为80%。综上所述，一项以学校为基础的计划改善了社会经济地位较低的青少年的身体活动，获得了高水平的参与，并在身体健康和心理健康状况方面取得了显着的效益。
Regular physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, and mortality due to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Among adolescents, physical activity is associated with benefits in the prevention and control of emotional distress, and improvement of self-esteem. Countries in transitional epidemiological scenarios, such as Chile, need to develop effective strategies to improve physical activity as a way to face the epidemic of chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a school-based physical activity program on physical fitness and mental health status of adolescents living in a low socioeconomic status area in Santiago, Chile. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of the program over one academic year. The study included 198 students aged 15 years old. Two ninth grade classes were randomly selected as the intervention group, with two classes of the same grade as controls. A social planning approach was used to develop the intervention. The program was designed and implemented based on student preferences, teachers' expertise and local resources. Changes in physiological and mental health status were assessed. After the intervention, maximum oxygen capacity achieved a significant increase of 8.5% in the intervention versus 1.8% in the control group (p < 0.0001). Speed and jump performance scores improved significantly more in the intervention versus the control group (p > 0.01). Anxiety score decreased 13.7% in the intervention group versus 2.8% in the control group (p < 0.01), and self-esteem score increased 2.3% in the intervention group and decreased 0.1% in the control group after the end of the program (p < 0.0001). No significant change was observed in the depressive score. Student participation and compliance with the program was > 80%. To conclude, a school-based program to improve physical activity in adolescents of low socioeconomic status, obtained a high level of participation and achieved significant benefits in terms of physical fitness and mental health status.