Biodegradation of estrone and 17 β-estradiol in grassland soils amended with animal wastes
Biodegradation of estrone and 17 β-estradiol in grassland soils amended with animal wastes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.033
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Jones, David L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucas, Sophie D.;Jones, David L.
由于在淡水生物中形成雌雄同体状态并对人类健康构成潜在风险，向环境中排放干扰内分泌的化学品日益受到关注。本研究的目的是调查持久性的天然激素，雌酮和17 β-雌二醇在三个农业草原土壤中的存在和不存在的牛和羊的废物（尿和粪便）。生物降解进行了研究，使用C-14标记的激素施加到土壤中的三种不同的溶剂（水，人工尿和天然羊尿）。当直接施加到土壤中的两种激素以类似的速度降解，然而，矿化的速度是土壤类型和溶剂依赖性。各激素在土壤中的半衰期（t（1/2））为5 ~ 25 d。激素也被施加到土壤中的绵羊和牛粪的不同年龄（7天至2年）。一般来说，动物粪便改良土壤的降解速率比未改良土壤更快（t（1/2）= 1-9d），矿化在很大程度上与粪便年龄和类型无关。我们的结论是，在许多外源性物质相比，雌激素是不持久的农业土壤。然而，我们的计算表明，如果它们通过径流或沥滤流失到淡水中，那么它们可能会对淡水生物产生明显的影响。假设正常的土地传播率，我们的研究结果表明，与粪便传播相关的淡水雌激素污染的风险是非常低的。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The release of endocrine disrupting chemicals into the environment is of increasing concern due to the formation of an intersex state in freshwater organisms and potential risks to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the persistence of the naturally occurring hormones, estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in three agricultural grassland soils in the presence and absence of cattle and sheep wastes (urine and manure). Biodegradation was investigated using C-14-labelled hormones which were applied to soil in three different solvents (water, artificial urine and natural sheep urine). When applied directly to soil the two hormones degraded at a similar rate, however, the speed of mineralization was soil type and solvent dependant. The half-life (t(1/2)) of the hormones in soils ranged from 5 to 25d. The hormones were also applied to the soils in sheep and cattle manure of different ages (7 d to 2 yr). Generally, the rate of degradation in the animal manure amended soils was more rapid than in the unamended soils (t(1/2) = 1-9d), with mineralization being largely independent of manure age and type. We conclude that in comparison to many xenobiotics, estrogens are not persistent in agricultural soils. However, our calculations suggest that if they are lost to freshwater via runoff or leaching then they may have an appreciable effect on freshwater organisms. Assuming normal landspreading rates our results suggest that the risk of estrogen contamination of freshwater associated with manure spreading is very low. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.