How to Constrain Multi‐Objective Calibrations of the SWAT Model Using Water Balance Components
How to Constrain Multi‐Objective Calibrations of the SWAT Model Using Water Balance Components
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DOI：
10.1111/1752-1688.12524
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发表时间：
2017-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Pfannerstill;K. Bieger;B. Guse;D. Bosch;N. Fohrer;J. Arnold
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作者：
M. Pfannerstill;K. Bieger;B. Guse;D. Bosch;N. Fohrer;J. Arnold
准确的流量模拟是水文模拟研究的最常见目标之一。然而，一个好的流量模拟不一定是流域内水文过程的现实模拟的结果。我们提出了一个评估框架，认为排放和水平衡组件作为校准的土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）的评价标准。在这项研究中，我们集成了地表径流，地下水流量和蒸散量的年平均值在模型评估过程中，以限制选择良好的模型运行在美国格鲁吉亚的小河实验流域。为了评估水平衡和排放动态，使用了Nash-Sutcliffe效率（NSE）和百分比偏差（PBIAS）。此外，均方根误差和标准偏差的测量数据（RSR）的比率计算流量持续时间曲线的各个部分，以确定最佳的模型运行的放电幅度。我们的研究结果表明，良好的统计流量并不能保证现实的模拟个别水平衡组件。因此，我们建议限制水平衡组件的范围，以实现更现实的模拟整个水文系统，即使良好的统计数据之间的权衡排放模拟和合理的水量平衡组件是不可避免的。编者按：本文是关于SWAT应用于新兴水文和水质挑战的专题系列的一部分。请参阅2017年2月的问题，以了解该系列的介绍和背景。
Accurate discharge simulation is one of the most common objectives of hydrological modeling studies. However, a good simulation of discharge is not necessarily the result of a realistic simulation of hydrological processes within the catchment. We propose an evaluation framework that considers both discharge and water balance components as evaluation criteria for calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). In this study, we integrated average annual values of surface runoff, groundwater flow, and evapotranspiration in the model evaluation procedure to constrain the selection of good model runs for the Little River Experimental Watershed in Georgia, United States. For evaluating water balance and discharge dynamics, the Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and percent bias (PBIAS) were used. In addition, the ratio of root mean square error and standard deviation of measured data (RSR) was calculated for individual segments of the flow duration curve to identify the best model runs in terms of discharge magnitude. Our results indicate that good statistics for discharge do not guarantee realistic simulations of individual water balance components. Therefore, we recommend constraining the ranges of water balance components to achieve a more realistic simulation of the entire hydrological system, even if tradeoffs between good statistics for discharge simulations and reasonable amounts of the water balance components are unavoidable. Editor's note: This paper is part of the featured series on SWAT Applications for Emerging Hydrologic and Water Quality Challenges. See the February 2017 issue for the introduction and background to the series.