Recovery of Valuable Materials from a Spent Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery: Selective Chlorination Roasting of an Anodic Active Material with CCl4 Gas
Recovery of Valuable Materials from a Spent Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery: Selective Chlorination Roasting of an Anodic Active Material with CCl4 Gas
复制标题
从废镍氢电池中回收有价值的材料：用 CCl4 气体选择性氯化焙烧阳极活性材料
DOI：
10.1016/j.seppur.2013.08.008
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
S.Hirai and V.Sokolov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T.Kuzuya;S.Hirai and V.Sokolov
研究了一种从废镍氢电池中回收有价金属的方法。混合稀土镍合金（MmNi5）作为阳极活性材料，通过沉降工艺从电极废料混合物中分离出来。分离出的MmNi5含有稀土金属（14.5质量％Ce、10.8质量％La、4.5质量％Nd）和过渡金属（49.2质量％Ni、9.8质量％Co、4.7质量％Mn）。采用CCl4气体作为氯化焙烧剂以防止稀土氯氧化物的形成。当MmNi5在673 K下氯化时，它分解成稀土氯化物和镍合金。随后用蒸馏水浸出氯化样品以回收这些材料。 La、Ce 和 Nd 的浸出率分别达到 96.3、77.4 和 80.1 质量％，并且可以以 Ni-Co 合金的形式回收 85.7 质量％的 Ni 和 87.1 质量％的 Co。 Ce 和 Nd 的回收率相对较低可归因于 Ce 和 Nd 氯氧化物的稳定性。当氯化温度达到773 K时，MmNi5完全氯化。在 973 K 及更高温度下，在反应管的低温区也观察到绿色沉淀。由于稀土和过渡金属氯化物的蒸气压彼此不同，因此可以通过蒸发来分离过渡金属氯化物。氯化残渣中它们的收率达到94.6% (La)、95.3% (Ce) 和94.9% (Nd)。
A method for recovery of valuable metals from a spent nickel–metal hydride battery has been investigated. Mischmetal–nickel alloy (MmNi5), which acts as an anode active material, was separated from an electrode scrap mixture using a sedimentation process. The separated MmNi5contains rare earth metals (14.5 mass% Ce, 10.8 mass% La, 4.5 mass% Nd) and transition metals (49.2 mass% Ni, 9.8 mass% Co, 4.7 mass% Mn). CCl4gas was employed as a chlorination roasting agent to prevent the formation of rare earth oxychlorides. When MmNi5was chlorinated at 673 K, it was decomposed into rare earth chlorides and nickel alloy. The chlorinated sample was subsequently leached with distilled water to recover these materials. The leaching yields of La, Ce, and Nd reached 96.3, 77.4, and 80.1 mass%, respectively, and 85.7 mass% of the Ni and 87.1 mass% of the Co could be recovered as Ni–Co alloy. The relatively lower recovery ratios of Ce and Nd can be attributed to the stability of Ce and Nd oxychlorides. When the chlorination temperature reached 773 K, MmNi5was completely chlorinated. At 973 K and higher, a greenish precipitate was also observed in the low-temperature zone of the reaction tube. Because the vapor pressures of rare earth and transition metal chlorides differ from each other, the transition metal chlorides can be separated by vaporization. Their yields reached 94.6% (La), 95.3% (Ce), and 94.9% (Nd) in the chlorinated residue.