The roles of autophagy and mitophagy in corneal pathology: current knowledge and future perspectives.
The roles of autophagy and mitophagy in corneal pathology: current knowledge and future perspectives.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmed.2023.1064938
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
角膜是覆盖地球仪前部的透明圆顶。角膜的主要功能是促进光的折射和保护眼睛免受入侵的病原体，这两者对于保护视力都是必不可少的。角膜的每个细胞层的稳态需要多个过程的协调，包括对压力做出反应的能力。细胞对压力的反应机制之一是自噬，或者说是“自食”的过程。自噬的功能是清除受损的蛋白质和细胞器。在营养缺乏期间，通过自噬从蛋白质分解释放的氨基酸被用作燃料来源。线粒体自噬是自噬的一种选择性形式，其功能是清除受损的线粒体。因此，自噬和线粒体自噬是维持组织稳态的重要细胞内降解过程。重要的是，这些过程的抑制或过度激活导致对细胞的有害影响。在眼睛中，这些机制的损伤或抑制与角膜疾病、变性和营养不良有关。这篇综述总结了目前在非感染性和感染性角膜疾病、营养不良和变性中角膜各层自噬和线粒体自噬的知识。它进一步强调了我们对线粒体功能障碍的理解的关键差距，并对临床实践中的新型治疗方法产生了影响。
The cornea is the clear dome that covers the front portion of the globe. The primary functions of the cornea are to promote the refraction of light and to protect the eye from invading pathogens, both of which are essential for the preservation of vision. Homeostasis of each cellular layer of the cornea requires the orchestration of multiple processes, including the ability to respond to stress. One mechanism whereby cells respond to stress is autophagy, or the process of “self-eating.” Autophagy functions to clear damaged proteins and organelles. During nutrient deprivation, amino acids released from protein breakdown via autophagy are used as a fuel source. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, functions to clear damaged mitochondria. Thus, autophagy and mitophagy are important intracellular degradative processes that sustain tissue homeostasis. Importantly, the inhibition or excessive activation of these processes result in deleterious effects on the cell. In the eye, impairment or inhibition of these mechanisms have been associated with corneal disease, degenerations, and dystrophies. This review summarizes the current body of knowledge on autophagy and mitophagy at all layers in the cornea in both non-infectious and infectious corneal disease, dystrophies, and degenerations. It further highlights the critical gaps in our understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction, with implications for novel therapeutics in clinical practice.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Brothers KM;Kowalski RP;Tian S;Kinchington PR;Shanks RMQ
通讯作者：
Shanks RMQ