DNA-informed breeding of rosaceous crops: promises, progress and prospects.
DNA-informed breeding of rosaceous crops: promises, progress and prospects.
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DOI：
10.1038/hortres.2017.6
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Peace CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peace CP
蔷薇科作物对农村经济和人类健康和享受作出了宝贵贡献。转基因新品种可以满足生产挑战和市场需求的持续解决方案。传统的蔷薇类作物育种既昂贵又耗时，将受益于效率和准确性的提高。DNA信息的使用正在成为蔷薇类作物育种的常规，有助于许多决策和操作，但只有在过去几十年解决了挑战并产生了足够的资源之后。当基因组学发现和实际应用之间的“鸿沟”被系统地弥合时，基于dna的知识和工具的成功部署就出现了。关键步骤是建立育种者使用DNA信息的愿望，使工具适应当地育种效用，确定有效的应用方案，获得基于DNA的诊断的有效服务，以及获得将DNA信息整合到育种操作和决策中的经验。基于dna的种质特征揭示了身份和亲缘关系，使许多项目受益，并为基因组学研究提供了一个引人注目的切入点。利用dna信息对种质资源进行评估，预测性状表现，可以有效地重新分配育种资源。基于dna的诊断现在正在从特定位点扩展到全基因组考虑。实现这一扩展的全部潜力将需要提高预测的准确性、多性状DNA分析能力、简化的育种信息管理系统、克服限制育种进展的基于植物的特征的策略，以及对当前和未来的育种人员和相关科学家的广泛培训。
Crops of the Rosaceae family provide valuable contributions to rural economies and human health and enjoyment. Sustained solutions to production challenges and market demands can be met with genetically improved new cultivars. Traditional rosaceous crop breeding is expensive and time-consuming and would benefit from improvements in efficiency and accuracy. Use of DNA information is becoming conventional in rosaceous crop breeding, contributing to many decisions and operations, but only after past decades of solved challenges and generation of sufficient resources. Successes in deployment of DNA-based knowledge and tools have arisen when the ‘chasm’ between genomics discoveries and practical application is bridged systematically. Key steps are establishing breeder desire for use of DNA information, adapting tools to local breeding utility, identifying efficient application schemes, accessing effective services in DNA-based diagnostics and gaining experience in integrating DNA information into breeding operations and decisions. DNA-informed germplasm characterization for revealing identity and relatedness has benefitted many programs and provides a compelling entry point to reaping benefits of genomics research. DNA-informed germplasm evaluation for predicting trait performance has enabled effective reallocation of breeding resources when applied in pioneering programs. DNA-based diagnostics is now expanding from specific loci to genome-wide considerations. Realizing the full potential of this expansion will require improved accuracy of predictions, multi-trait DNA profiling capabilities, streamlined breeding information management systems, strategies that overcome plant-based features that limit breeding progress and widespread training of current and future breeding personnel and allied scientists.