Unique Associations between Childhood Temperament Characteristics and Subsequent Psychopathology Symptom Trajectories from Childhood to Early Adolescence
Unique Associations between Childhood Temperament Characteristics and Subsequent Psychopathology Symptom Trajectories from Childhood to Early Adolescence
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-016-0236-7
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
McMahon, Catherine A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Forbes, Miriam K.;Rapee, Ronald M.;McMahon, Catherine A.
现有的研究表明，儿童早期出现的气质特征可能有助于早期发现和干预常见的精神障碍。本研究考察了儿童早期反应性、接近社交性和持久性的气质特征与儿童至青少年早期精神病理（抑郁、焦虑、品行障碍和注意力缺陷多动障碍）的后续症状轨迹之间的独特关系。数据来自澳大利亚儿童纵向研究的前五波老年队列（n = 4983, 51.2%为男性），年龄跨度为4-5至12-13岁。多变量有序和逻辑回归检验了父母报告的4-5岁儿童气质特征在控制其他表现症状后，是否预测了研究儿童随后在精神病理各领域的症状轨迹（使用潜在类别增长分析推导）。气质特征对抑郁、焦虑、品行障碍和多动症的症状轨迹有差异预测：反应性水平越高，对所有4个领域的症状轨迹预测越高；高水平的接近社交能力预示着更高的品行障碍和多动症的轨迹，但较低的焦虑轨迹；高水平的坚持与较低的行为障碍和多动症的轨迹有关。这些发现表明，气质是精神病理学发展的早期可识别的风险因素，特别是对具有高度反应性气质的儿童的识别和及时干预可以预防以后的心理健康问题。
Existing research suggests that temperamental traits that emerge early in childhood may have utility for early detection and intervention for common mental disorders. The present study examined the unique relationships between the temperament characteristics of reactivity, approach-sociability, and persistence in early childhood and subsequent symptom trajectories of psychopathology (depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD) from childhood to early adolescence. Data were from the first five waves of the older cohort from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n = 4983; 51.2% male), which spanned ages 4-5 to 12-13. Multivariate ordinal and logistic regressions examined whether parent-reported child temperament characteristics at age 4-5 predicted the study child's subsequent symptom trajectories for each domain of psychopathology (derived using latent class growth analyses), after controlling for other presenting symptoms. Temperament characteristics differentially predicted the symptom trajectories for depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and ADHD: Higher levels of reactivity uniquely predicted higher symptom trajectories for all 4 domains; higher levels of approach-sociability predicted higher trajectories of conduct disorder and ADHD, but lower trajectories of anxiety; and higher levels of persistence were related to lower trajectories of conduct disorder and ADHD. These findings suggest that temperament is an early identifiable risk factor for the development of psychopathology, and that identification and timely interventions for children with highly reactive temperaments in particular could prevent later mental health problems.