Neuro-mechanical and metabolic adjustments to the repeated anaerobic sprint test in professional football players
Neuro-mechanical and metabolic adjustments to the repeated anaerobic sprint test in professional football players
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DOI：
10.1007/s00421-014-3070-z
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Girard, Olivier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brocherie, Franck;Millet, Gregoire P.;Girard, Olivier
本研究旨在探讨无氧短跑试验（RAST）对下肢神经力学和代谢的调节作用。8名职业足球运动员穿着足球鞋在人造草坪上进行6 x 35 m短跑，中间穿插10 s的主动恢复。短跑力学（足底压力鞋垫），股外侧肌（VL）、股直肌（RF）和股二头肌（BF）肌肉的均方根活动（表面肌电图，EMG）和VL肌肉氧合从第一次到最后一次重复，短跑时间、接触时间和总步幅持续时间增加（+17.4、+20.0和+16.6%;均P <0.05），而飞行时间和步长保持不变。在所有试验中，步幅频率（-13.9%; P <0.001）和垂直刚度降低（-27.2%; P <0.001）。RF和BF（分别为-18.7和-18.1%; P <0.01和0.001）的均方根EMG活动（VL为-1.2%; P> 0.05）随着短跑重复次数的增加而降低，并与跑步时间的增加相关（r =-0.82和-0.90;均P <0.05）。再加上更好地维持RF和BF肌肉的激活水平超过短跑重复，运动员具有更好的重复短跑性能（较低的累积时间）也显示出更快的肌肉降解-（在冲刺期间）和再氧合（回收期间）（r =-0.74和-0.84; P分别<0.05和0.01）。重复无氧冲刺试验导致步幅力学和腿弹簧行为的实质性改变。我们的研究结果还加强了重复短跑能力和神经肌肉激活变化以及肌肉去氧和复氧率之间的联系。
This study aimed to determine the neuro-mechanical and metabolic adjustments in the lower limbs induced by the running anaerobic sprint test (the so-called RAST).Eight professional football players performed 6 x 35 m sprints interspersed with 10 s of active recovery on artificial turf with their football shoes. Sprinting mechanics (plantar pressure insoles), root mean square activity of the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris (BF) muscles (surface electromyography, EMG) and VL muscle oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) were monitored continuously.Sprint time, contact time and total stride duration increased from the first to the last repetition (+17.4, +20.0 and +16.6 %; all P < 0.05), while flight time and stride length remained constant. Stride frequency (-13.9 %; P < 0.001) and vertical stiffness decreased (-27.2 %; P < 0.001) across trials. Root mean square EMG activities of RF and BF (-18.7 and -18.1 %; P < 0.01 and 0.001, respectively), but not VL (-1.2 %; P > 0.05), decreased over sprint repetitions and were correlated with the increase in running time (r = -0.82 and -0.90; both P < 0.05). Together with a better maintenance of RF and BF muscles activation levels over sprint repetitions, players with a better repeated-sprint performance (lower cumulated times) also displayed faster muscle de- (during sprints) and re-oxygenation (during recovery) rates (r = -0.74 and -0.84; P < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively).The repeated anaerobic sprint test leads to substantial alterations in stride mechanics and leg-spring behaviour. Our results also strengthen the link between repeated-sprint ability and the change in neuromuscular activation as well as in muscle de- and re-oxygenation rates.