A First-Order Mechanical Device to Model Traumatized Craniovascular Biodynamics.
A First-Order Mechanical Device to Model Traumatized Craniovascular Biodynamics.
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DOI：
10.1115/1.2355689
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McNames, James
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文献类型：
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作者：
Kohles, Sean S;Mangan, Ryan W;McNames, James
目前存在的数学模型，探讨生理学的正常和创伤颅内功能。机械模型用于评估可能导致头部受伤的恶劣环境。然而，很少有机械模型被设计来研究创伤性脑损伤的适应性生理反应。我们描述了一个一阶物理模型的设计和制造，以阐明复杂的生物力学因素与动态颅内生理。单向流动装置可用于研究颅骨、脑组织、脑脊液、脉管系统、血液和心脏之间的相互作用。选择固体和流体材料来模拟颅骨系统的关键特性。总的组成体积（固体和流体）和体积流量（650 ml/min）代表成人生理学，并且沿着流动路径的各个段的长度沿着与Poiquilille方程雅阁。物理模型包括模拟自动调节血管动力学的机制。在有和没有损伤后脑组织肿胀的模拟过程中，在整个模型的多个位置测量颅内压。针对这两种情况建模了两种场景：血管扩张/收缩的应用和床头位置的变化。统计结果表明，所有自变量对整个模型中测量的流体压力具有显著影响（p < 0.0001），包括血管收缩机制（p = 0.0255）。物理模型代表一阶设计实现，有助于建立数学模型和机械模型之间的联系。未来的设计将进一步深入了解创伤性头部损伤，并提供一个框架，统一从数学模型，损伤力学，临床观察和治疗反应中获得的知识。
Mathematical models currently exist that explore the physiology of normal and traumatized intracranial function. Mechanical models are used to assess harsh environments that may potentially cause head injuries. However, few mechanical models are designed to study the adaptive physiologic response to traumatic brain injury. We describe a first-order physical model designed and fabricated to elucidate the complex biomechanical factors associated with dynamic intracranial physiology. The unidirectional flow device can be used to study interactions between the cranium, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, vasculature, blood, and the heart. Solid and fluid materials were selected to simulate key properties of the cranial system. Total constituent volumes (solid and fluid) and volumetric flow (650 ml/min) represent adult human physiology, and the lengths of the individual segments along the flow-path are in accord with Poiseuille's equation. The physical model includes a mechanism to simulate autoregulatory vessel dynamics. Intracranial pressures were measured at multiple locations throughout the model during simulations with and without post-injury brain tissue swelling. Two scenarios were modeled for both cases: Applications of vasodilation/constriction and changes in the head of bed position. Statistical results indicate that all independent variables had significant influence over fluid pressures measured throughout the model (p < 0.0001) including the vasoconstriction mechanism (p = 0.0255). The physical model represents a first-order design realization that helps to establish a link between mathematical and mechanical models. Future designs will provide further insight into traumatic head injury and provide a framework for unifying the knowledge gained from mathematical models, injury mechanics, clinical observations, and the response to therapies.