Health Status Index: Category Rating versus Magnitude Estimation for Measuring Levels of Well-Being
Health Status Index: Category Rating versus Magnitude Estimation for Measuring Levels of Well-Being
复制标题
健康状况指数：衡量幸福水平的类别评级与量级估计
DOI：
10.1097/00005650-197905000-00005
复制
发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
C. Berry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kaplan;J. Bush;C. Berry
幸福感水平是社会偏好，或社会成员与特定时间的功能状态相关联的权重。可用于衡量程序输出的加权预期寿命是通过对不同情况下的水平求和并将其乘以状态和水平之间的可能转变(预测)来创建的。然而，这一操作需要在潜在的公制尺度上衡量幸福感水平。目前的分析比较了从简单的类别评级程序获得的偏好测量与使用更复杂和更困难的幅度估计方法获得的偏好测量，该方法被称为收益率水平测量。在随机平衡设计中，65名大学生对代表幸福连续体范围的30个案例描述进行了评分。结果表明，对于仿生连续体，结果表现出经典的对数关系。然而，当转换为有意义的0-1单位刻度时，震级响应在接近死亡的刻度的低端被压缩。这样的结果不仅与类别评级不一致，而且与功能状态相对重要性的直观概念、模拟社会选择的评级程序的结果以及证实类别评级本身的区间属性的证据不一致。此外，类别评级的易管理性意味着可以联合考虑案例的多个属性，避免了通过任意规则聚合不同属性的比例值的需要。总之，震级估计不适合作为健康状况指数的测量方法，也可能不适合于其他效用和社会选择的测量方法。
Levels of Well-Being are social preferences, or weights that members of society associate with time-specific states of function. A Weighted Life Expectancy, which can be used to measure program outputs, is created by summing the levels across diverse cases and multiplying them by probable transitions (prognoses) among the states and levels. This operation requires however, that the Levels of Well-Being be measured on underlying metric scale. The present analysis compares preference measurements from a simple category rating procedure with those obtained using the more complex and difficult magnitude estimation method which has been claimed to yield ratio level measures. In a randomly counterbalanced design, 65 college students rated 30 case descriptions representing the range of the Well-Being continuum. The results exhibit the classical logarithmic relation observed for a prothetic continua. When transformed to a meaningful 0–1 unit scale, however, the magnitude responses are compressed at the lower end of the scale near death. Such results are inconsistent not only with category rating, but also with intuitive notions of the relative importance of the function states, with the results of rating procedures that simulate social choice, and with evidence that confirms the interval properties of the category ratings themselves. Furthermore, the ease of administration of category rating means that multiple attributes of cases can be considered jointly, avoiding the need to aggregate scale values for different attributes by arbitrary rules. In sum, magnitude estimation is inappropriate as a measurement method for a Health Status Index and is probably also inappropriate for other measures of utility and social choice.