Circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum - Recent developments
Circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum - Recent developments
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1368.001
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Butt, Asif N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Swaminathan, R.;Butt, Asif N.
已在健康受试者以及患者的血浆、血清、尿液和其他体液中检测到核酸（DNA和RNA）。检测和定量特定DNA和RNA序列的能力为疾病的诊断和监测提供了可能性。随着循环核酸领域的最新发展，其在诊断领域的应用已经增加。最近发现的胎盘/胎儿DNA的表观遗传变化和胎儿/胎盘特异性RNA的检测，使得有可能在所有妊娠中使用这种技术，而不管胎儿的性别。随着质谱法和其他技术在该领域的应用，现在可以在存在过量的其他非特异性核酸（例如，在存在过量母体DNA的情况下检测胎儿DNA中的突变）。循环核酸现已显示可用于其它病症，如糖尿病、创伤、中风和心肌梗塞。在肿瘤学中，现在可以通过检测肿瘤来源的核酸来检测和监测肿瘤。尽管有这些进展，关于循环核酸的起源和生物学意义的问题仍有待回答。此外，这一领域的分析前和分析方面仍有待标准化。
Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) have been detected in plasma, serum, urine, and other body fluids from healthy subjects as well as in patients. The ability to detect and quantitate specific DNA and RNA sequences has opened up the possibility of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. With the recent developments in the field of circulating nucleic acids the application in the diagnostic field has increased. The recent discovery of epigenetic changes in placental/fetal DNA and the detection of fetal/placental-specific RNAs have made it possible to use this technology in all pregnancies irrespective of the gender of the fetus. With the application of mass spectrometry and other techniques,to this field, it is now possible to detect very small amounts of specific DNA in the presence of excess of other nonspecific nucleic acids (e.g., detection of mutations in fetal DNA in the presence of excess of maternal DNA). Circulating nucleic acids have now been shown to be useful in other conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, trauma, stroke, and myocardial infarction. In oncology, detection and monitoring of tumors is now possible by the detection of tumor-derived nucleic acids. In spite of these advances questions regarding the origin and biologic significance of circulating nucleic acids remain to be answered. Furthermore preanalytical and analytical aspects of this field remain to be standardized.