Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02643
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发表时间：
2018-01-22
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
La Scola, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreani, Julien;Khalil, Jacques Y. B.;La Scola, Bernard
巨大的病毒继续侵入病毒学世界，具有巨大的基因组大小和各种颗粒形状。菌株的发现和宏基因组学研究使得揭示这些微生物的复杂性、它们的起源、生态系统和假定的作用成为可能。我们从大鼠粪便标本中分离到一种以蠕虫状蠕虫为宿主的新型巨型病毒“Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC 2”。本文描述了Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC 2的主要基因组特征和复制周期。它拥有一个超过1.4兆碱基的圆形基因组，G+C含量为25%，卵圆形颗粒的范围为900至1300 nm。颗粒在其顶端被至少一层厚膜封闭，呈单个孔状形状。系统发育分析和Orpheovirus的相互最佳命中显示与所提出的Pithoviridae家族有关。然而，一些基因组特征证明了与雪松病毒或Pithoviruses相比，Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC 2的进化完全不同。
Giant viruses continue to invade the world of virology, in gigantic genome sizes and various particles shapes. Strains discoveries and metagenomic studies make it possible to reveal the complexity of these microorganisms, their origins, ecosystems and putative roles. We isolated from a rat stool sample a new giant virus "Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2," using Vermamoeba vermiformis as host cell. In this paper, we describe the main genomic features and replicative cycle of Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2. It possesses a circular genome exceeding 1.4 Megabases with 25% G+C content and ovoidal-shaped particles ranging from 900 to 1300 nm. Particles are closed by at least one thick membrane in a single ostiole-like shape in their apex. Phylogenetic analysis and the reciprocal best hit for Orpheovirus show a connection to the proposed Pithoviridae family. However, some genomic characteristics bear witness to a completely divergent evolution for Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2 when compared to Cedratviruses or Pithoviruses.