Instrumental variable specifications and assumptions for longitudinal analysis of mental health cost offsets.
Instrumental variable specifications and assumptions for longitudinal analysis of mental health cost offsets.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10742-012-0097-7
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
O'Malley, A James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Malley, A James
工具变量 (IV) 能够在存在未测量的混杂因素的情况下获得观察性研究中的因果估计。在实践中，可以使用各种模型和 IV 规范来解决问题，特别是使用纵向数据，可以针对当前和过去治疗的各种功能来估计治疗效果。然而，在实践中，尽管 IV 分析做出了无法通过数据进行最终检验的强有力的假设，但不同假设的经验结果却很少被检验。在本文中，我们考虑了 IV 的几种纵向模型和规格。方法适用于一项为期 7 年的非典型和传统抗精神病药物心理健康成本研究的数据，其目的是评估更新和更昂贵的非典型抗精神病药物是否会导致总体心理健康成本的降低。
Instrumental variables (IVs) enable causal estimates in observational studies to be obtained in the presence of unmeasured confounders. In practice, a diverse range of models and IV specifications can be brought to bear on a problem, particularly with longitudinal data where treatment effects can be estimated for various functions of current and past treatment. However, in practice the empirical consequences of different assumptions are seldom examined, despite the fact that IV analyses make strong assumptions that cannot be conclusively tested by the data. In this paper, we consider several longitudinal models and specifications of IVs. Methods are applied to data from a 7-year study of mental health costs of atypical and conventional antipsychotics whose purpose was to evaluate whether the newer and more expensive atypical antipsychotic medications lead to a reduction in overall mental health costs.