Nuclear lipids: key signaling effectors in the nervous system and other tissues
Nuclear lipids: key signaling effectors in the nervous system and other tissues
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DOI：
10.1194/jlr.r300015-jlr200
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Wu, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ledeen, RW;Wu, GS
长期以来，脂质一直被认为是细胞核中数量较少的成分，最初人们认为它们没有什么功能重要性。但随着人们认识到它们在细胞器中的多种信号传导和调节特性，它们现在引起了越来越多的兴趣。这适用于核质的脂质贫乏区室以及相对富含脂质的核膜。磷酸甘油酯和鞘磷脂作为主要的脂质，引起了研究人员的极大兴趣，但一些含量较少的脂质，如神经节苷脂、鞘氨醇和磷酸鞘氨醇现在被认为是功能上重要的核成分。这一新兴领域的最新进展包括对合成和分解核脂质的代谢酶的详细发现；这些主要位于细胞核本身的事实表明脂质代谢具有相当大的自主性。目前的研究表明，涉及 RNA 和 DNA 反应性的几个关键过程依赖于这些脂质引发的事件。神经细胞核一直是此类研究的主题，其结果与对神经外细胞核的更多研究非常相似。这篇综述试图概述有关不同细胞类型核脂质的一些主要发现；非神经核的结果有望为神经系统的进一步研究提供有用的指导。-Ledeen, R. W., 和 G. Wu。核脂质：神经系统和其他组织中的关键信号传导效应器。 J.脂质研究。 2004。45：1-8。
Lipids have long been recognized as quantitatively minor components of the nucleus, where they were initially thought to have little functional importance; but they now command growing interest, with recognition of their diverse signaling and modulating properties in that organelle. This applies to the lipid-poor compartments of the nucleoplasm as well as the relatively lipid-rich nuclear envelope. Phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelin, as the predominant lipids, have attracted the most interest among researchers, but some of the less-abundant lipids such as gangliosides, sphingosine, and sphingosine phosphate are now becoming recognized as functionally important nuclear constituents. Among recent advances in this emerging field are detailed findings on the metabolic enzymes that synthesize and catabolize nuclear lipids; the fact that these are localized primarily within the nucleus itself indicates considerable autonomy with respect to lipid metabolism. Current studies suggest several key processes involving RNA and DNA reactivity that are dependent on these lipid-initiated events. Neural cell nuclei have been the subject of such investigations, with results that closely parallel the more numerous studies on nuclei of extraneural cells. This review attempts to outline some of the major findings on nuclear lipids of diverse cell types; results with nonneural nuclei will hopefully provide useful guideposts to further studies of neural systems.-Ledeen, R. W., and G. Wu. Nuclear lipids: key signaling effectors in the nervous system and other tissues. J. Lipid Res. 2004. 45: 1-8.