Colonizing the Caribbean: New geological data and an updated land‐vertebrate colonization record challenge the GAARlandia land‐bridge hypothesis

Colonizing the Caribbean: New geological data and an updated land‐vertebrate colonization record challenge the GAARlandia land‐bridge hypothesis
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加勒比海殖民:新的地质数据和更新的陆地脊椎动物殖民记录挑战了 GAARlandia 陆地桥梁假说

DOI:
10.1111/jbi.14234
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Hoorn, ed., Carina
Hoorn, ed., Carina
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ali, Jason R.;Hedges, S. Blair;Hoorn, ed., Carina

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在过去的三十年里,假设的中新生代GAARlandia走道(34 ± 1 Ma)在加勒比海地理学的讨论中占据了突出地位。然而,一个根本问题是缺乏阿维斯海脊的地质和地球物理数据来评估这一提议。因此,观点纯粹基于生物学数据,主要来自分子钟研究,但也来自化石和分类组成。无论出于何种原因,观点出现了两极分化;一些人支持陆桥来解释岛屿群的殖民化,而另一些人则倾向于水上传播。我们根据更新的陆地脊椎动物殖民地汇编(35个分支:6个两栖动物,6个哺乳动物和23个爬行动物)以及新发表的Aves Ridge和邻近的格林纳达盆地(东部)的地质研究来检查假设。前者表明,殖民地被严重过滤,并以与水上传播一致的零碎方式组装;中新生代生态走廊可能会导致更丰富的组合,具有更广泛的成分。后者利用了岩芯和地震数据,表明南部和中部的Aves Ridge在上述时间被淹没。随着GAARlandia假说在地质学上被证伪,许多已经提出的大安的列斯生物群的地理情景现在需要重新评估。
Over the past three decades, the hypothesized mid‐Cenozoic GAARlandia walkway (34 ± 1 Ma) has featured prominently in discussions on Caribbean biogeography. However, a fundamental issue has been a lack of geological and geophysical data from the Aves Ridge with which to evaluate the proposal. Consequently, opinions have been based purely on biological data, mainly from molecular‐clock studies but also from fossils and taxonomic composition. For whatever reasons, a polarization of views has occurred; some champion the land‐bridge to explain the colonizations of the island group, whereas others prefer over‐water dispersal. We examine the hypothesis drawing upon an updated compilation of land‐vertebrate colonizations (35 clades: 6 amphibian, 6 mammal and 23 reptile) plus a newly published geological study of the Aves Ridge and the adjacent Grenada Basin (to the east). The former indicates that the colonizations were heavily filtered and assembled in a piecemeal fashion consistent with over‐water dispersal; a mid‐Cenozoic ecological corridor would likely have led to a richer assemblage with a wider variety of components. The latter, which draws upon drill‐core and seismic data, indicates that the southern and central Aves Ridge was submerged at the aforesaid time. With the GAARlandia hypothesis geologically falsified, many biogeographical scenarios that have been proposed for the Greater Antillean biota now require re‐evaluation.
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