What price data tell us about drug markets
What price data tell us about drug markets
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/002204269802800302
复制
发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Reuter, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caulkins, JP;Reuter, P
本文回顾了药品价格的经验证据，并讨论了对理解药品市场和政策的影响。药品价格最显着的特征是其高水平和随时间和空间的极大变化。高价格抑制了消费，但对毒品相关犯罪的影响却模糊不清。变异性的后果很大程度上尚未被探索且难以确定。关于政策影响价格的能力，结论不一。禁令加上一定程度的执法可以使价格远远高于毒品合法化时的价格。在某些情况下，额外严厉的执法可能会导致价格短暂飙升，或者通过推高一个来源相对于另一个来源的价格来改变药物来源。然而，在已经严格执行的禁令之上增加执法力度似乎对进一步推高价格的能力有限。
This paper reviews empirical evidence on drug prices and discusses implications for understanding of drug markets and for policy. The most striking characteristics of drug prices are their high levels and extreme variability over rime and space. High prices deter consumption but have ambiguous effects on drug-related crime. The consequences of the variability are largely unexplored and are difficult to determine. Conclusions are mixed with respect to the ability of policy to influence prices. Prohibition plus some degree of enforcement can drive prices far above what they would be if drugs were legal. In certain circumstances, additional severity of enforcement can create transient spikes in price or alter the source of drugs by driving up prices from one source relative to another. However, increasing enforcement over and above an already strongly enforced prohibition appears to have only limited ability to drive prices up further.