ForestGEO: Understanding forest diversity and dynamics through a global observatory network
ForestGEO: Understanding forest diversity and dynamics through a global observatory network
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108907
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zuleta, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, Stuart J.;Abiem, Iveren;Zuleta, Daniel
ForestGEO是一个由科学家和覆盖地球主要森林类型的长期森林动态图（FDP）组成的网络。ForestGEO的使命是促进对森林多样性和动态的了解，并加强全球森林科学研究能力。在森林小区网络中，ForestGEO的独特之处在于其大规模小区尺寸，对直径>= 1厘米的所有树干进行普查，包括热带、温带和北方森林，以及调查其他生物（例如，节肢动物）和非生物（例如，土壤）驱动因素，这些因素共同提供了对森林功能的整体看法。分布在27个国家的71个FDP包括约733万棵活树和约12，000个物种，占世界已知树木多样性的20%。ForestGEO的研究人员发表了超过1300篇论文，在两个基本领域做出了重大贡献：物种共存和多样性，以及生态系统功能。具体而言，确定了对物种和功能类型的分布和共存以及对物种人口变化的主要生物和非生物控制因素，使人们更好地了解了森林多样性的多个层面是如何在空间和时间上形成的，以及这种多样性如何与控制森林在地球系统中作用的过程相关联。然而，知识差距依然存在，阻碍了我们预测森林多样性和功能将如何应对气候变化和其他压力因素的能力。应对这些全球研究挑战需要在热带物种分类标准化、解决森林动态的主要驱动因素以及整合基于地块的地面和遥感观测以扩大对森林多样性和功能的估计方面取得重大进展，同时改进预测模型。然而，如果不作出更大的财政承诺，以维持森林全球环境展望和其他林地网络的长期研究，大大扩大世界森林国家的科学能力，加强研究网络和森林科学学科之间的合作和一体化，就无法实现这些目标。
ForestGEO is a network of scientists and long-term forest dynamics plots (FDPs) spanning the Earth's major forest types. ForestGEO's mission is to advance understanding of the diversity and dynamics of forests and to strengthen global capacity for forest science research. ForestGEO is unique among forest plot networks in its large-scale plot dimensions, censusing of all stems >= 1 cm in diameter, inclusion of tropical, temperate and boreal forests, and investigation of additional biotic (e.g., arthropods) and abiotic (e.g., soils) drivers, which together provide a holistic view of forest functioning. The 71 FDPs in 27 countries include approximately 7.33 million living trees and about 12,000 species, representing 20% of the world's known tree diversity. With >1300 published papers, ForestGEO researchers have made significant contributions in two fundamental areas: species coexistence and diversity, and ecosystem functioning. Specifically, defining the major biotic and abiotic controls on the distribution and coexistence of species and functional types and on variation in species' demography has led to improved understanding of how the multiple dimensions of forest diversity are structured across space and time and how this diversity relates to the processes controlling the role of forests in the Earth system. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain that impede our ability to predict how forest diversity and function will respond to climate change and other stressors. Meeting these global research challenges requires major advances in standardizing taxonomy of tropical species, resolving the main drivers of forest dynamics, and integrating plot-based ground and remote sensing observations to scale up estimates of forest diversity and function, coupled with improved predictive models. However, they cannot be met without greater financial commitment to sustain the long-term research of ForestGEO and other forest plot networks, greatly expanded scientific capacity across the world's forested nations, and increased collaboration and integration among research networks and disciplines addressing forest science.