The Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization Study, part 3: Continuous measurements of fine particulate matter mass and composition
The Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization Study, part 3: Continuous measurements of fine particulate matter mass and composition
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DOI：
10.1080/10473289.2006.10464585
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hidy, George M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edgerton, Eric S.;Hartsell, Benjamin E.;Hidy, George M.
东南部气溶胶研究与特性研究（SEARCH）网络中的连续分析仪于1998年开始部署，随着新技术的发展，至今仍在继续。细颗粒物（PM2.5）质量的测量是使用干燥的、30℃的锥形元件振荡微天平（TEOM）进行的。TEOM测量由浊度法对光散射的观测进行补充。主要成分的测量包括：（1）通过还原为SO₂测量SO₄²⁻；（2）通过各自的催化氧化和还原为NO测量NH₄⁺和NO₃⁻；（3）通过光吸收测量黑碳（BC）；（4）通过燃烧为CO₂测量总碳；（5）通过后两者测量值之差测量有机碳。给出了SEARCH网络连续数据的几个示例。观察到PM2.5质量、硝酸盐和BC具有独特的复合年平均日变化模式，这可能表明与交通相关的排放、边界层的增长和消散以及硝酸铵的形成的影响。对PM2.5成分的检查表明，需要更好地了解未测量的“其他”类别的连续成分，因为在PM2.5高负荷期间，它对总质量有显著贡献。给出了选定的事件以说明SEARCH数据的应用。从早春对燃煤电厂烟羽的观测中得出SO₂转化率为0.2%/小时，并证明了当地农村氨源对颗粒物（PM）中硝酸铵形成的重要性。
Deployment of continuous analyzers in the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization Study (SEARCH) network began in 1998 and continues today as new technologies are developed. Measurement of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass is performed using a dried, 30 degrees C tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM). TEOM measurements are complemented by observations of light scattering by nephelometry. Measurements of major constituents include: (1) SO42- via reduction to SO2; (2) NH4+ and NO3- via respective catalytic oxidation and reduction to NO, (3) black carbon (BC) by optical absorption, (4) total carbon by combustion to CO,, and (5) organic carbon, by difference between the latter two measurements. Several illustrative examples of continuous data from the SEARCH network are presented. A distinctive composite annual average diurnal pattern is observed for PM2.5 mass, nitrate, and BC, likely indicating the influence of traffic-related emissions, growth, and break up of the boundary layer and formation of ammonium nitrate. Examination of PM2.5 components indicates the need to better understand the continuous composition of the unmeasured "other" category, because it contributes a significant fraction to total mass during periods of high PM2.5 loading. Selected episodes are presented to illustrate applications of SEARCH data. An SO2 conversion rate of 0.2%/hr is derived from an observation of a plume from a coal-fired power plant during early spring, and the importance of local, rural sources of NH3 to the formation of ammonium nitrate in particulate matter (PM) is demonstrated.