Stevioside
Stevioside
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DOI：
10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00426-6
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Geuns, JMC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geuns, JMC
甜菊糖苷是从甜菊叶中提取的天然甜味剂。综述了甜菊糖的相关文献、甜菊糖甜味剂的出现、甜菊糖的生物合成途径以及甜菊糖的毒理学研究。器官注射或灌注实验被认为与甜菊糖或甜菊糖苷作为食物的使用无关，因此这些研究不包括在本综述中。讨论了甜菊糖苷的代谢与甜菊糖可能形成的关系。讨论了不同的致突变性研究以及致癌性研究。急性和亚急性毒性研究表明，甜菊糖和甜菊糖苷的毒性非常低。讨论了生育和致畸性研究以及对饮食中其他营养物质的生物利用度的影响。结论是甜菊糖和甜菊糖苷作为甜味剂是安全的。它适用于糖尿病患者和PKU患者，以及打算通过避免在饮食中添加糖来减肥的肥胖者。对它似乎没有过敏反应。(C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Stevioside is a natural sweetener extracted from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. The literature about Stevia, the occurrence of its sweeteners, their biosynthetic pathway and toxicological aspects are discussed. Injection experiments or perfusion experiments of organs are considered as not relevant for the use of Stevia or stevioside as food, and therefore these studies are not included in this review. The metabolism of stevioside is discussed in relation with the possible formation of steviol. Different mutagenicity studies as well as studies on carcinogenicity are discussed. Acute and subacute toxicity studies revealed a very low toxicity of Stevia and stevioside. Fertility and teratogenicity studies are discussed as well as the effects on the bio-availability of other nutrients in the diet. The conclusion is that Stevia and stevioside are safe when used as a sweetener. It is suited for both diabetics, and PKU patients, as well as for obese persons intending to lose weight by avoiding sugar supplements in the diet. No allergic reactions to it seem to exist. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.