Chemerin: a multifaceted adipokine involved in metabolic disorders.
Chemerin: a multifaceted adipokine involved in metabolic disorders.
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Chemerin：一种参与代谢紊乱的多方面脂肪因子。
DOI：
10.1530/joe-18-0174
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发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wu QF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Helfer G;Wu QF
代谢综合征是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，使个体容易患肥胖症、糖尿病和心血管疾病。虽然潜在的机制仍有待阐明，积累的证据已经揭示了脂肪因子的关键作用。Chemerin是新近发现的一种脂肪因子，由基因Rarres 2编码，参与炎症、脂肪形成、血管生成和能量代谢。在人类中，chemerin的局部和循环水平与BMI和肥胖相关的生物标志物呈正相关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了外周和中心的作用，chemerin在调节机体代谢。通常，chemerin在肥胖和糖尿病动物中上调。以往的研究表明，chemerin与脂肪形成、葡萄糖稳态、食物摄入和体重有关。在大脑中，下丘脑整合外周传入信号，包括脂肪因子，以调节食欲和能量稳态。Chemerin通过作用于下丘脑干细胞（即伸长细胞）来增加季节性动物的食物摄入量。在外周组织中，chemerin增加脂肪组织中的细胞扩增、炎症和血管生成，共同导致肥胖。虽然chemerin信号增强胰岛的胰岛素分泌，但关于chemerin与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的关系，已经报道了相互矛盾的结果。鉴于chemerin与人类肥胖合并症的相关性，靶向chemerin的转化研究的进展有望减轻代谢紊乱。总之，在过去十年中收集的令人兴奋的发现清楚地表明chemerin在调节能量平衡中的关键多方面作用，使其成为迫切需要的肥胖药物治疗策略的有希望的候选者。
Metabolic syndrome is a global public health problem and predisposes individuals to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, accumulating evidence has uncovered a critical role of adipokines. Chemerin, encoded by the gene Rarres2, is a newly discovered adipokine involved in inflammation, adipogenesis, angiogenesis and energy metabolism. In humans, local and circulating levels of chemerin are positively correlated with BMI and obesity-related biomarkers. In this review, we discuss both peripheral and central roles of chemerin in regulating body metabolism. In general, chemerin is upregulated in obese and diabetic animals. Previous studies by gain or loss of function show an association of chemerin with adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis, food intake and body weight. In the brain, the hypothalamus integrates peripheral afferent signals including adipokines to regulate appetite and energy homeostasis. Chemerin increases food intake in seasonal animals by acting on hypothalamic stem cells, the tanycytes. In peripheral tissues, chemerin increases cell expansion, inflammation and angiogenesis in adipose tissue, collectively resulting in adiposity. While chemerin signalling enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic islets, contradictory results have been reported on how chemerin links to obesity and insulin resistance. Given the association of chemerin with obesity comorbidities in humans, advances in translational research targeting chemerin are expected to mitigate metabolic disorders. Together, the exciting findings gathered in the last decade clearly indicate a crucial multifaceted role for chemerin in the regulation of energy balance, making it a promising candidate for urgently needed pharmacological treatment strategies for obesity.