Economic Restructuring and Poverty/Income Inequality in Latin America
Economic Restructuring and Poverty/Income Inequality in Latin America
复制标题
拉丁美洲的经济结构调整和贫困/收入不平等
DOI：
10.7916/d8w0968k
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Justin R. Bucciferro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Justin R. Bucciferro
本研究采用计量经济学方法来评估1985年至2000年期间拉丁美洲的结构性改革是否导致了贫困和收入不平等。结构性改革的数据取自美洲开发银行的结构政策指数，贫困和收入不平等的数据取自世界银行的PovcalNet数据库。通过控制人均GDP和政治制度的面板数据分析，发现总体开放水平与生活在贫困线以下的人口比例、贫困差距、基尼系数、最富有与最贫困人口的收入比以及平均对数偏差显着正相关。与贫困和/或不平等显着正相关的具体改革包括私有化和金融放松管制。贸易自由化、平均收入和民主制度与贫困和不平等之间存在着尽管微弱的负相关关系。作者注
This study uses an econometric approach to evaluate whether structural reforms in Latin America contributed to poverty and income inequality over the period from 1985 to 2000. Data on structural reforms is employed from the InterAmerican Development Bank‟s Structural Policy Index, and poverty and income inequality data is obtained from the World Bank‟s PovcalNet database. Using a panel data analysis with controls for GDP per-capita and political institutions, the overall openness level is found to be significantly positively related to the percent of the population living under the poverty line, the poverty gap, the Gini coefficient, the income ratio of the richest to poorest deciles of the population, and the mean log deviation. Specific reforms that are significantly positively related to poverty and/or inequality include privatizations and financial deregulation. Trade liberalization, average income, and democratic institutions demonstrate a negative, albeit weak, relationship to poverty and inequality. Author’s Note