Fundamental Characteristics of Bat Interferon Systems.
Fundamental Characteristics of Bat Interferon Systems.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2020.527921
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Munir M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clayton E;Munir M
干扰素是免疫系统固有臂的重要组成部分，可以说是抵御病毒的最重要防线之一。人类IFN系统及其功能已经被详细地描述和研究了。然而，直到最近Bat1k项目的发展，蝙蝠的IFN系统才得到了很少的研究。Bat1k项目的发展现在为研究开辟了新的机会，确定了六个新的蝙蝠基因组，这些基因组具有可能与蝙蝠表现出的病毒耐受性相关的新基因。有趣的是，蝙蝠被假设具有建立宿主-病毒关系的能力，即使被感染，它们也表现出有限的疾病迹象，并且仍然保留将疾病传播给其他易感宿主的能力。蝙蝠是地球上数量最多、分布最广的脊椎动物之一，是许多对人类具有高度致病性的人畜共患病毒的宿主。一些基因组学、免疫学和生物学特征被认为是蝙蝠新型抗病毒机制的基础。本综述旨在探讨蝙蝠IFN系统及其多种IFN特征的发展，主要关注模式物种澳大利亚黑狐（Pteropus alecto），同时也强调蝙蝠先天免疫是一个令人兴奋和富有成果的研究领域，以了解它们控制病毒介导的发病机制的能力。
Interferons are an essential component of the innate arm of the immune system and are arguably one of the most important lines of defence against viruses. The human IFN system and its functionality has already been largely characterized and studied in detail. However, the IFN systems of bats have only been marginally examined to date up until the recent developments of the Bat1k project which have now opened new opportunities in research by identifying six new bat genomes to possess novel genes that are likely associated with viral tolerance exhibited in bats. Interestingly, bats have been hypothesized to possess the ability to establish a host-virus relationship where despite being infected, they exhibit limited signs of disease and still retain the ability to transmit the disease into other susceptible hosts. Bats are one of the most abundant and widespread vertebrates on the planet and host many zoonotic viruses that are highly pathogenic to humans. Several genomics, immunological, and biological features are thought to underlie novel antiviral mechanisms of bats. This review aims to explore the bat IFN system and developments in its diverse IFN features, focusing mainly on the model species, the Australian black flying fox (Pteropus alecto), while also highlighting bat innate immunity as an exciting and fruitful area of research to understand their ability to control viral-mediated pathogenesis.