Non-volatile materials for programmable photonics
Non-volatile materials for programmable photonics
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0165309
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发表时间：
2023-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Zhuoran Fang;Rui Chen;B. Tossoun;S. Cheung;Di Liang;Arka Majumdar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhuoran Fang;Rui Chen;B. Tossoun;S. Cheung;Di Liang;Arka Majumdar
可编程光子学在许多新兴应用中发挥着至关重要的作用，从机器学习的光学加速器到量子信息技术。传统上，光子系统通过热光效应、自由载流子色散、电光效应或微机械运动等机制进行调谐。尽管这些物理效应允许快速（>100 GHz）或大对比度（>60 dB）切换，但它们的高静态功耗对于可编程性来说并不是最佳的，因为可编程性只需要不频繁的切换并且具有较长的静态时间。非易失性材料，如相变材料、铁电体、二氧化钒和忆阻金属氧化物材料，由于其可逆开关和非易失性行为，可以提供理想的解决方案，从而实现真正的“一劳永逸”的可编程单元，且无静态功耗。近年来，我们确实见证了非易失性材料在可编程光子系统中的快速采用，包括光子集成电路和自由空间元光学。在这里，我们回顾了基于非易失性材料的可编程光子学领域的最新进展。我们首先讨论该材料的特性、工作机制，然后讨论它们在可编程光子学中的潜在应用。最后，我们对未来的研究方向进行了展望。该评论可为选择理想的材料系统以实现各种光子应用的非易失性操作提供参考。
Programmable photonics play a crucial role in many emerging applications, from optical accelerators for machine learning to quantum information technologies. Conventionally, photonic systems are tuned by mechanisms such as the thermo-optic effect, free carrier dispersion, the electro-optic effect, or micro-mechanical movement. Although these physical effects allow either fast (>100 GHz) or large contrast (>60 dB) switching, their high static power consumption is not optimal for programmability, which requires only infrequent switching and has a long static time. Non-volatile materials, such as phase-change materials, ferroelectrics, vanadium dioxide, and memristive metal oxide materials, can offer an ideal solution thanks to their reversible switching and non-volatile behavior, enabling a truly “set-and-forget” programmable unit with no static power consumption. In recent years, we have indeed witnessed the fast adoption of non-volatile materials in programmable photonic systems, including photonic integrated circuits and free-space meta-optics. Here, we review the recent progress in the field of programmable photonics, based on non-volatile materials. We first discuss the material’s properties, operating mechanisms, and then their potential applications in programmable photonics. Finally, we provide an outlook for future research directions. The review serves as a reference for choosing the ideal material system to realize non-volatile operation for various photonic applications.