Nano neuro knitting: Peptide nanofiber scaffold for brain repair and axon regeneration with functional return of vision
Nano neuro knitting: Peptide nanofiber scaffold for brain repair and axon regeneration with functional return of vision
复制标题
纳米神经编织：用于大脑修复和轴突再生以及视力功能恢复的肽纳米纤维支架
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0600559103
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发表时间：
2006-03-28
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Schneider, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellis-Behnke, RG;Liang, YX;Schneider, GE
纳米技术通常与材料制造、微电子学和微流体学相关。到目前为止，尚未探索在生物医学中使用纳米技术和分子自组装来修复受损的大脑结构。为了实现中枢神经系统损伤后的轴突再生，必须克服几个巨大的障碍，例如组织损伤后疤痕组织的形成、损伤后吞噬死亡细胞过程中形成的神经组织间隙，以及许多成年神经元无法启动轴突延伸。以哺乳动物视觉系统为模型，我们报告了一种设计的自组装肽纳米纤维支架为轴突创造了一个宽松的环境，不仅可以在急性损伤部位再生，而且可以将脑组织编织在一起。在仓鼠中使用切断视束的实验中，我们表明，再生的轴突以足够的密度重新连接到目标组织，以促进视觉功能的恢复，正如视觉引发的定向行为所证明的那样。肽纳米纤维支架不仅代表了一种以前未被发现的用于组织修复和恢复的纳米生物医学技术，而且提高了有效治疗中枢神经系统和其他组织或器官创伤的可能性。
Nanotechnology is often associated with materials fabrication, microelectronics, and microfluidics. Until now, the use of nano-technology and molecular self assembly in biomedicine to repair injured brain structures has not been explored. To achieve axonal regeneration after injury in the CNS, several formidable barriers must be overcome, such as scar tissue formation after tissue injury, gaps in nervous tissue formed during phagocytosis of dying cells after injury, and the failure of many adult neurons to initiate axonal extension. Using the mammalian visual system as a model, we report that a designed self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold creates a permissive environment for axons not only to regenerate through the site of an acute injury but also to knit the brain tissue together. In experiments using a severed optic tract in the hamster, we show that regenerated axons reconnect to target tissues with sufficient density to promote functional return of vision, as evidenced by visually elicited orienting behavior. The peptide nanofiber scaffold not only represents a previously undiscovered nanobiomedical technology for tissue repair and restoration but also raises the possibility of effective treatment of CNS and other tissue or organ trauma.