Artificiality: The tension between internal and external validity in economic experiments
Artificiality: The tension between internal and external validity in economic experiments
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DOI：
10.1080/13501780500086081
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Schram, Arthur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schram, Arthur
实验室情境的人为性被置于外部有效性和内部有效性之间的紧张关系中。大多数经济学家认为内部效度是最重要的。对“人为性批评”（缺乏外部有效性）的正确评价需要区分实验主义者追求的各种目标。外部效度对于寻求经验证明的实验比理论检验的实验相对更重要。随着实验结果越来越多地用于新理论的发展，对其外部有效性的方法论讨论变得越来越重要。
The artificiality of a laboratory situation is placed in the context of the tension between external and internal validity. Most economists consider internal validity to be most important. A proper evaluation of the 'artificiality criticism' (a lack of external validity) requires distinguishing the various goals experimentalists pursue. External validity is relatively more important for experiments searching for empirical regularities than for theory-testing experiments. As experimental results are being used more often in the development of new theories, a methodological discussion of their external validity is becoming more important.