Functional nucleic acid-based hydrogels for bioanalytical and biomedical applications.
Functional nucleic acid-based hydrogels for bioanalytical and biomedical applications.
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用于生物分析和生物医学应用的功能性核酸基水凝胶
DOI：
10.1039/c5cs00586h
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发表时间：
2016-03-07
影响因子：
46.2
通讯作者：
Tan W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li J;Mo L;Lu CH;Fu T;Yang HH;Tan W
水凝胶是可以吸收大量水的交联亲水聚合物。由于其亲水性、生物相容性和高度可调的性质，水凝胶可以被定制用于生物分析和生物医学中的应用。由于核酸的独特特征，基于DNA的水凝胶特别令人感兴趣。自从发现DNA双螺旋结构以来，人们对DNA的兴趣已经超出了其遗传作用，扩展到纳米技术和材料科学的应用。特别是，DNA基水凝胶呈现出稳定性、柔性、精确可编程性、刺激响应性DNA构象、易于合成和修饰等显著特征。此外，功能性核酸（FNA）允许基于适体、DNA酶、i基序纳米结构、siRNA和CpG寡脱氧核苷酸的水凝胶的构建，以提供额外的分子识别、催化活性和治疗潜力，使其成为生物分析和生物医学应用中的关键参与者。迄今为止，基于FNA的水凝胶已经被证明具有多种应用，包括生物传感、环境分析、药物控释、细胞粘附和靶向癌症治疗。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了基于FNA的水凝胶的发展，它充分结合了FNAs和DNA基水凝胶的独特功能。我们首先介绍了不同的策略构建DNA为基础的水凝胶。随后，各种类型的FNA和最新的发展，基于FNA的水凝胶的生物分析和生物医学应用与一些选定的例子进行了描述。最后，审查提供了一个洞察剩下的挑战和未来的前景，基于FNA的水凝胶。
Hydrogels are crosslinked hydrophilic polymers that can absorb a large amount of water. By their hydrophilic, biocompatible and highly tunable nature, hydrogels can be tailored for applications in bioanalysis and biomedicine. Of particular interest are DNA-based hydrogels owing to the unique features of nucleic acids. Since the discovery of DNA double helical structure, interest in DNA has expanded beyond its genetic role to applications in nanotechnology and materials science. In particular, DNA-based hydrogels present such remarkable features as stability, flexibility, precise programmability, stimuli-responsive DNA conformations, facile synthesis and modification. Moreover, functional nucleic acids (FNAs) have allowed the construction of hydrogels based on aptamers, DNAzymes, i-motif nanostructures, siRNAs and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides to provide additional molecular recognition, catalytic activities and therapeutic potential, making them key players in biological analysis and biomedical applications. To date, a variety of applications have been demonstrated with FNA-based hydrogels, including biosensing, environmental analysis, controlled drug release, cell adhesion and targeted cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on advances in the development of FNA-based hydrogels, which have fully incorporated both the unique features of FNAs and DNA-based hydrogels. We first introduce different strategies for constructing DNA-based hydrogels. Subsequently, various types of FNAs and the most recent developments of FNA-based hydrogels for bioanalytical and biomedical applications are described with some selected examples. Finally, the review provides an insight into the remaining challenges and future perspectives of FNA-based hydrogels.