The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures
The weight of racism: Vigilance and racial inequalities in weight-related measures
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.058
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hing, Anna K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hicken, Margaret T.;Lee, Hedwig;Hing, Anna K.
在美国，肥胖方面的种族/族裔不平等有充分的文献记载，尤其是在女性当中。利用2001 - 2003年的芝加哥社区成人健康研究（这是一个基于概率的样本，样本量N = 3105），我们从文化种族主义的视角审视了歧视和警惕性在两项与体重相关的指标——身体质量指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）的种族不平等中所起的作用。文化种族主义营造了一种社会环境，在这种环境中，美国黑人承受着其种族群体的污名负担，而美国白人则被允许将自己视为个体。我们提出，在这种背景下，人际歧视对黑人和白人有着不同的含义，而警惕性则体现了承受种族群体污名负担的黑人的应对方式。通过将歧视和警惕性置于文化种族主义的背景下，我们运用现有的调查方法并利用统计模型来阐明现有文献中歧视与体重相关不平等之间模糊的关联。分别对BMI和WC进行了多元模型估计，并按性别分层。黑人女性的平均BMI和WC高于其他任何群体，警惕性水平也最高。白人女性的警惕性与WC之间没有关联，但歧视与WC之间呈现出强烈的正相关。相反，黑人女性的警惕性与WC之间有关联，但歧视与WC之间没有关联。这些结果表明，警惕性和歧视对于不同种族群体的肥胖可能具有不同的含义，当不考虑文化种族主义视角而将所有女性放在一起研究时，这些含义就会被掩盖。（C）2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
In the United States, racial/ethnic inequalities in obesity are well-documented, particularly among women. Using the Chicago Community Adult Health Study, a probability-based sample in 2001-2003 (N = 3105), we examined the roles of discrimination and vigilance in racial inequalities in two weight related measures, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), viewed through a cultural racism lens. Cultural racism creates a social environment in which Black Americans bear the stigma burden of their racial group while White Americans are allowed to view themselves as individuals. We propose that in this context, interpersonal discrimination holds a different meaning for Blacks and Whites, while vigilance captures the coping style for Blacks who carry the stigma burden of the racial group. By placing discrimination and vigilance within the context of cultural racism, we operationalize existing survey measures and utilize statistical models to clarify the ambiguous associations between discrimination and weight-related inequalities in the extant literature. Multivariate models were estimated for BMI and WC separately and were stratified by gender. Black women had higher mean BMI and WC than any other group, as well as highest levels of vigilance. White women did not show an association between vigilance and WC but did show a strong positive association between discrimination and WC. Conversely, Black women displayed an association between vigilance and WC, but not between discrimination and WC. These results demonstrate that vigilance and discrimination may hold different meanings for obesity by ethnoracial group that are concealed when all women are examined together and viewed without considering a cultural racism lens. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.