Brain evolution by brain pathway duplication.
Brain evolution by brain pathway duplication.
复制标题
大脑通路复制的大脑进化。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2015.0056
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发表时间：
2015-12-19
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jarvis ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chakraborty M;Jarvis ED
对复杂行为的大脑通路进化机制的理解仍处于起步阶段。取得进一步的进展需要对大脑的同源性、新颖性和类比有更深入的了解。它还需要了解适应性基因修饰如何导致大脑重组。应用于大脑研究的基因组和分子生物学技术的最新进展，为了解如何通过选择新的大脑通路和神经系统功能来塑造复杂的行为提供了令人兴奋的见解。在这里，我们回顾并进一步发展了对可能有助于神经系统进化的一种机制的新假设的一些见解，特别是通过大脑通路复制。就像基因复制一样，我们认为整个大脑通路可以复制，并且复制的通路会分化以承担新的功能。我们认为大脑通路复制的一种机制可能是通过基因复制，尽管其他机制也是可能的。我们重点关注学习歌曲的鸟类和人类的声音学习和口语的大脑通路作为示例系统。这一观点为我们理解大脑进化和新的行为特征的未来研究提供了一个新的框架。
Understanding the mechanisms of evolution of brain pathways for complex behaviours is still in its infancy. Making further advances requires a deeper understanding of brain homologies, novelties and analogies. It also requires an understanding of how adaptive genetic modifications lead to restructuring of the brain. Recent advances in genomic and molecular biology techniques applied to brain research have provided exciting insights into how complex behaviours are shaped by selection of novel brain pathways and functions of the nervous system. Here, we review and further develop some insights to a new hypothesis on one mechanism that may contribute to nervous system evolution, in particular by brain pathway duplication. Like gene duplication, we propose that whole brain pathways can duplicate and the duplicated pathway diverge to take on new functions. We suggest that one mechanism of brain pathway duplication could be through gene duplication, although other mechanisms are possible. We focus on brain pathways for vocal learning and spoken language in song-learning birds and humans as example systems. This view presents a new framework for future research in our understanding of brain evolution and novel behavioural traits.