90,000-year phytolith records from caldera rim to western foot of Aso Volcano, Japan: Implications for vegetation history since catastrophic eruption
90,000-year phytolith records from caldera rim to western foot of Aso Volcano, Japan: Implications for vegetation history since catastrophic eruption
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从日本阿苏火山火山口边缘到西麓的 9 万年植物硅体记录：对灾难性喷发以来植被历史的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2015.08.015
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyabuchi;Y.;Sugiyama;S.
使用从日本西南部阿苏火山火山口边缘到西麓的三个火山灰部分获得的植硅体记录，重建了 Aso-4 火凝灰岩喷发（89ka）后的植被历史。约。这些地点和海拔高度之间的 90,000 年植被转变有所不同。在火山口北部边缘（海拔 800-900 米），稀疏的植被由 Sasaect 组成。 Crassinodi（冷温带矮竹）和结缕草被认为是在灾难性的 Aso-4 喷发后 1000 年内建立的。笹草原以笹教为主。 Crassinodi 在 89 至 13.5ka 之间持续存在于火山口东北部边缘，而 Pleioblastusect. Nezasa（暖温带矮竹）、Andropogonae（包括芒草）和结缕草在 66 至 30 ka 之间存在于笠草原。尽管笠草在13.5ka之后就已经存在，但苦竹矮竹在8ka左右就成为了草原的组成部分，并持续繁盛至今。在西坡（海拔约 150 米），火山口内湖（约 89-72 ka）火山口边缘破裂引发大洪水后，在 55 ka 之前就存在稀疏的植被。 55ka之后的植被以草地为主，伴有少量树木。约55至40ka期间，结缕草盛行，而40–5ka期间，佐萨瓦占主导地位。 5ka左右，含有穿心芒草的笠草原逐渐减少，苦竹矮竹成为草原的组成部分。苦竹草原包括芒草、黍科和乔木（樟科等）一直延续至今。在火山西麓（海拔 100 米），大爆发洪水后形成了结缕草草地。草原从大约开始逐渐减少。 60 ka，40 ka 左右几乎消失。相反，与苦竹矮竹相伴的萨萨矮竹草原在60ka后有所增加。伴随着稀疏树木的笠草继续存在，但在13.1ka之后有所减少。芒草草丛在29ka之后出现，并在最后8ka最为繁盛。芒草草原29000年来的持续存在可能与阿苏火山西麓低海拔地区的人类活动频繁发生火灾有关。
Vegetation history after the Aso-4 ignimbrite eruption (89 ka) has been reconstructed using phytolith records obtained from three tephra sections from caldera rim to the western foot of Aso Volcano, southwestern Japan. The ca. 90,000-year vegetation transitions vary between these sites and elevations. At the northern caldera rim (800–900 m asl), sparse vegetation composed ofSasasect. Crassinodi (cool-temperate dwarf bamboo) andZoysiawas considered to be established within 1000 years after the catastrophic Aso-4 eruption. TheSasagrassland dominated bySasasect. Crassinodi existed continuously at the northeastern caldera rim between 89 and 13.5 ka, whereasPleioblastussect. Nezasa (warm-temperate dwarf bamboo), Andropogoneae (includingMiscanthusJapanese pampas grass) andZoysiaexisted in theSasagrassland between 66 and 30 ka. AlthoughSasagrassland existed after 13.5 ka,Pleioblastusdwarf bamboo became a constituent of the grassland around 8 ka and continued flourishing until the present. On the western slope (ca. 150 m asl), sparse vegetation existed prior to 55 ka after a large outburst flood generated by a breach of caldera rim of intra-caldera lake (ca. 89–72 ka). The vegetation after 55 ka was dominated by grassland accompanied with moderate amounts of trees.Zoysiaprevailed from about 55 to 40 ka, althoughSasawas predominant during the period of 40–5 ka. TheSasagrassland containing Andropogoneae pampas grass declined around 5 ka, andPleioblastusdwarf bamboo became a constituent of the grassland. ThePleioblastusgrassland includingMiscanthusJapanese pampas grass, Paniceae and trees (Lauraceae etc.) continued to the present. At the western foot of the volcano (∼100 m asl),Zoysiagrassland became established after the large outburst flood. The grassland gradually declined from ca. 60 ka and almost disappeared around 40 ka. Instead,Sasadwarf bamboo grassland, which accompaniedPleioblastusdwarf bamboo, increased after 60 ka. TheSasagrassland accompanying sparse trees continued, but decreased after 13.1 ka.Miscanthusgrassland occurred after 29 ka, and flourished especially in the last 8 ka. The consistent presence ofMiscanthusgrassland for 29,000 years may be related to frequent fire episodes due to human activities including burning at the low elevation of the western foot of Aso Volcano.