Cellular composition characterizing postnatal development and maturation of the mouse brain and spinal cord
Cellular composition characterizing postnatal development and maturation of the mouse brain and spinal cord
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00429-012-0462-x
复制
发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Paxinos, George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu, YuHong;Rusznak, Zoltan;Paxinos, George
中枢神经系统(CNS)的发育、成熟和退化过程是遗传编程的，并受到环境的影响。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在中枢神经系统的早期发育或与衰老相关的晚期变化上，而忽略了与青春期相对应的一个重要时期。在这项研究中，我们在4-40周龄的C57BL6小鼠身上寻找组成中枢神经系统(分为等皮质、海马体、嗅球、小脑、大脑其余部分和脊髓)和脑垂体腺的细胞数量随年龄的变化，使用各向同性分离方法结合神经元核蛋白作为神经细胞的标记。我们发现，在4-15周期间，除等皮质外，所有的中枢神经系统结构的质量都增加了。在同一时期，嗅球和小脑中神经元的绝对数量显著增加，而大脑其余部分和等皮质中的非神经元细胞数量增加。随着体长和体重的增加，垂体腺的质量和细胞数也增加，后者与脑和脊髓质量的变化密切相关。大多数与年龄相关的改变(例如，躯体参数、相对脑质量、垂体细胞数量以及小脑、等皮质、大脑其余部分和脊髓的细胞组成)在出生后4至11周迅速发生。这一阶段包括小鼠的青春期，强调了这一阶段在小鼠中枢神经系统出生后发育中的重要意义。
The process of development, maturation, and regression in the central nervous system (CNS) are genetically programmed and influenced by environment. Hitherto, most research efforts have focused on either the early development of the CNS or the late changes associated with aging, whereas an important period corresponding to adolescence has been overlooked. In this study, we searched for age-dependent changes in the number of cells that compose the CNS (divided into isocortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, cerebellum, 'rest of the brain', and spinal cord) and the pituitary gland in 4-40-week-old C57BL6 mice, using the isotropic fractionator method in combination with neuronal nuclear protein as a marker for neuronal cells. We found that all CNS structures, except for the isocortex, increased in mass in the period of 4-15 weeks. Over the same period, the absolute number of neurons significantly increased in the olfactory bulb and cerebellum while non-neuronal cell numbers increased in the 'rest of the brain' and isocortex. Along with the gain in body length and weight, the pituitary gland also increased in mass and cell number, the latter correlating well with changes of the brain and spinal cord mass. The majority of the age-dependent alterations (e.g., somatic parameters, relative brain mass, number of pituitary cells, and cellular composition of the cerebellum, isocortex, rest of the brain, and spinal cord) occur rapidly between the 4th and 11th postnatal weeks. This period includes murine adolescence, underscoring the significance of this stage in the postnatal development of the mouse CNS.