Growth and sustainability of Suaeda salsa in the Lop Nur, China
Growth and sustainability of Suaeda salsa in the Lop Nur, China
复制标题
中国罗布泊地区碱蓬的生长和可持续性
DOI：
10.1007/s40333-018-0002-5
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Zhang Lili
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Congjuan;Liu Ran;Zhang Lili
极端盐渍的土壤对大多数植物的生长和生存都是非常恶劣的环境，然而，盐生植物可以生长得很好。盐生植物抵抗高盐的潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究以罗布泊钾肥矿为研究对象，研究了盐生植物盐碱地对盐碱地土壤的影响及其生长和可持续性。对4个不同土壤处理的样地（去除盐结壳层）进行了评价：(1)未受干扰的土壤，未进行额外处理（T1）；(2)渣土带，在未受扰动的土表面放置40 cm的渣层（T2）；(3)矿渣+砂质土，在距离罗布泊钾肥矿约70 km的柽柳生长区域，下层放置20 cm的矿渣，上层放置20 cm的砂质土（T3）；(4)取柽柳生长区40 cm沙土层置于未扰动土壤（T4）上。土壤养分含量在4个处理中均有所增加，但含盐量仅在T1处理中有所下降。T4处理2年期间含盐量增加，部分原因可能是由于矿内风沙的盐沉积和高蒸发需求引起的表层土壤（0 ~ 20 cm）的盐积累。与T1、T2和T3处理相比，T4处理对沙参植株生长的促进作用更大，说明低盐度对沙参生长有利。T1处理成本低，土壤改良效果好，具有可持续性。因此，salsa植物不仅可以降低土壤盐分，提高土壤养分水平，还可以改善植物生长环境，这对罗布泊地区和世界类似地区的生态恢复都是有益的。
Extremely saline soils are very harsh environments for the growth and survival of most plant species, however, halophytes can grow well. The underlying mechanism of halophyte to resist high saline is not well understood by us. This study was conducted at the potash mine near the Lop Nur, China, where the effects of the halophyte Suaeda salsa L. on the saline-alkaline soils and its growth and sustainability were investigated. Four plots (in which the salt encrustation layers were removed), with different soil treatments were evaluated: (1) undisturbed soil, with no additional treatment (T1); (2) the slag soil zone, in which a 40-cm layer of slag was placed on the undisturbed soil surface (T2); (3) slag+sandy soil, in which a 20-cm layer of slag was placed in the lower layer and 20 cm of sandy soil, taken from an area about 70 km away from Lop Nur potash mine, where Tamarix species were growing, was placed in the upper layer (T3); and (4) a 40-cm sandy soil layer taken from the area where Tamarix species were growing was placed on undisturbed soil (T4). Soil nutrient contents increased in the four treatments, but salt content only decreased in the T1 treatment. Salt content in the T4 treatment increased over the two-year period, which may be partly attributed to salt deposition from wind-blown dust within the mine and salt accumulation within the surface soil (0-20 cm) in response to high evaporative demands. The S. salsa plants exhibited greater improvements in growth under the T4 treatment than under the T1, T2, and T3 treatments, which demonstrated that low levels of salinity are beneficial for the growth of this species. The T1 treatment was sustainable because of its low cost and superior soil improvement characteristics. Therefore, S. salsa plants not only reduced soil salinity and increased soil nutrient levels, but also ameliorated the plant growth environment, which would be beneficial for both the ecological restoration of the Lop Nur area and similar areas throughout the world.