Resources and protection of Cycas plants in China
Resources and protection of Cycas plants in China
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DOI：
10.17520/biods.2021495
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发表时间：
2022-07-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gong, Xun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xi, Huihui;Wang, Yiqing;Gong, Xun
背景与目的：苏铁包括2科10属，是现存种子植物中最原始的类群之一，具有重要的科学研究和保护价值。在苏铁中，只有大约20种苏铁属植物在中国内部有自然分布，其中大部分也是中国特有的。这些种主要分布在中国的西南和东南沿海，大多数分布在狭小的区域。由于苏铁的生存和繁殖受到严重威胁，这组苏铁中的所有物种都被列为中国国家一级重点保护野生植物。方法：综合已有文献和野外调查资料，对中国苏铁的研究和保护现状进行了综述。结果：通过对中国苏铁的分类研究和地理分布的总结，指出了中国苏铁生存面临的主要威胁，并提出了应对这些威胁的保护措施。结论与建议：我们总结了《中国》中与苏铁科学研究和保护有关的五个主要问题：(1)苏铁基础科学的进一步研究，(2)苏铁自然栖息地的破坏是一个严重的问题，(3)非法采伐和贩卖苏铁仍然猖獗，而合法的苏铁园艺和园艺养殖业务需要扩大，(4)苏铁的某些生物学特性导致繁殖困难，(5)苏铁种质资源纯度的异地保存存在固有的困难。此外，我们针对这些问题提出了具体的解决方案，以期为今后完善中国苏铁的研究、保护和可持续合法利用提供参考。
Background & Aim: Cycads include two families and 10 genera, representing one of the most primitive taxa of the extant seed plants, and hold important value to scientific research and conservation. Among cycads, only about 20 species within the genus Cycas have a natural distribution within China, most of which are also endemic to China. These species are primarily found in the southwest and southeast coast of China, with most occupying a narrowly distributed area. All species in this group of Cycas have been classified as first-class national key protected wild plants in China due to the existence of serious threats to their survival and reproduction. In this review, we aim to familiarize members of the public with these important plants while also encouraging their protection.Methods: This paper summarizes the status of research and protection of cycads in China by aggregating data available from the published literature and our field investigations.Result: By summarizing the taxonomic research and geographical distribution of cycads in China, we highlight the principal threats to the survival of cycads in China and describe protective measures that can be used to counter these threats. Further, we suggest that certain scientific evidence, such as genetic characteristics, are critical factors when determining effective methods of protection.Conclusion & Suggestions: We summarize five main issues related to the scientific research and conservation of cycads in China: (1) further research into the basic science of cycads is required, (2) the destruction of natural cycad habitats is a serious concern, (3) illegal harvesting and trafficking of cycads remain rampant, while legitimate cycad gardening and horticultural breeding businesses are in need of expansion, (4) certain biological characteristics of cycads lead to reproductive difficulties, (5) there are inherent difficulties in ex situ conservation for guaranteeing the preservation of germplasm purity among species of cycads. In addition, we propose specific solutions for these issues in order to provide a reference for improving research, protection, and the sustainable legal utilization of cycads in China in the future.