GROWTH, APPETITE, SEQUENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL SIGNS AND SURVIVAL FOLLOWING THE INDUCTION OF RAPID, SYNCHRONOUS VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY IN THE RAT
GROWTH, APPETITE, SEQUENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL SIGNS AND SURVIVAL FOLLOWING THE INDUCTION OF RAPID, SYNCHRONOUS VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY IN THE RAT
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/109.8.1419
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
OLSON, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANZANO, MA;LAMB, AJ;OLSON, JA
通过实验确定维生素A缺乏症关键体征出现的先后顺序和可靠性。从成年(190-210g)严重缺乏维生素A的雄性大鼠体内停用维甲酸，可导致快速且基本上同步的维生素A缺乏症。对早期生长平台期(60-70g)维生素A缺乏的大鼠，先补充维甲酸，然后每克缺乏2微克维甲酸，重复18天：10天补充：剥夺周期。无论是强行喂食还是随意喂食，停用维甲酸后1-2天内，动物的生长都受到抑制。当动物喂食5或10微克维甲酸/克饮食时，也得到了类似的模式。无论是饲喂18%的酪蛋白饲料，还是只饲喂10%的葡萄糖溶液，动物的食欲都受到抑制(1-2天)。食物摄入量的减少不是由于味觉功能受损或缺乏饮食的适口性差所致。双侧下丘脑腹内侧核或梨状前皮质的双侧电解损毁不能预防或延缓食欲不振。补充抗生素可减少缺乏后期的体重减轻，并延长存活时间。其他缺乏体征(在维甲酸停药后发病前几天；发病率)包括：肠道杯状细胞数量减少(2-3；80)，匹罗卡品引起的唾液减少(6-8；80)，气管化生(6-8；80)，一过性眼周卟啉(6-8；60)，唾液腺形态改变(9-10；80)，强制喂养的动物胃排空减少(12；70)，扭动(12；5)和腿部残疾(12：5)。在诱发同步维生素A缺乏症后，个别缺乏症的出现顺序显然具有很高的重复性，而更普遍地使用同步缺乏症动物将有助于研究维生素A缺乏症的因果关系。
Experiments were conducted to determine the sequence and reliability of appearance of key signs of vitamin A deficiency. Rapid and essentially synchronous vitamin A deficiency was induced by the withdrawal of retinoic acid from mature (190-210 g) stringently vitamin A-deficient male rats. Early growth plateau (60-70 g) vitamin A-deprived rats were fed diets 1st supplemented with and then lacking in 2 .mu.g retinoic acid/g diet in repeating 18 day:10 day supplementation: deprivation cycles. Growth was depressed within 1-2 days of the withdrawal of retinoic acid whether animals were force-fed or were fed ad lib. Similar patterns were obtained when animals were fed 5 or 10 .mu.g retinoic acid/g diet. Appetite was depressed (1-2 days) whether animals were fed 18% casein diets, or were given 10% dextrose drinking solutions only. Decreased food intake was not due to impaired taste function or to poor palatability of the deficient diet. Bilateral electrolytic lesions in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus or anterior prepyriform cortex failed to prevent or to delay loss of appetite. Supplementation with antibiotics decreased body weight losses in the late stages of deficiency and increased survival time. Other signs of deficiency (days until onset following retinoate withdrawal; percent incidence) were: decreased intestinal goblet cell numbers (2-3; 80), decreased pilocarpine induced salivation (6-8; 80), tracheal metaplasia (6-8; 80), transient periocular porphyria (6-8; 60), altered salivary gland morphology (9-10; 80), decreased stomach emptying in force-fed animals (12; 70), twisting (12; 5) and leg crippling (12: 5). The sequence of appearance of individual signs of deficiency following the induction of synchronous vitamin A deficiency is apparently highly reproducible, and the more general use of synchronously deficient animals would materially assist studies of cause-effect relationships in vitamin A deficiency.