Giant Submarine Landslide in the South China Sea: Evidence, Causes, and Implications
Giant Submarine Landslide in the South China Sea: Evidence, Causes, and Implications
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/jmse7050152
复制
发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Chaoqi Zhu;Sheng-Bo Cheng;Qingping Li;H. Shan;Jing’an Lu;Zhicong Shen;Xiaolei Liu;Y. Jia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaoqi Zhu;Sheng-Bo Cheng;Qingping Li;H. Shan;Jing’an Lu;Zhicong Shen;Xiaolei Liu;Y. Jia
海底滑坡的规模可能是巨大的。它们是全球沉积物通量和海啸产生的最重要过程之一。然而，对巨大的海底滑坡的研究仍然不足。在这篇综述中，我们对以往的研究结果进行了汇编、总结和重新分析。在此基础上，我们在南海珠江口盆地发现了巨大的白云-荔湾海底滑坡。在渐新世-中新世界线~23 ~ 24 Ma期间，我们描述了3个同时发生的滑坡证据：白云凹陷陆架断裂的滨向移动、滑塌向东南的沉积和下陆坡堆积速率的急剧下降。该滑坡全长250多公里，滑坡总受影响面积达~ 3.5 ~ 4万平方公里。这次滑坡的规模与长期以来被认为是地球上最大的滑坡的斯托尔加滑坡相似。我们认为沿红河断裂带的走滑运动和南海的海脊跳动导致了同期的白云-荔湾海底滑动。巨型滑坡的识别不仅将促进对其相关地质灾害的认识，而且将促进对喜马拉雅造山运动和海洋工程的急剧上升的认识。需要更多地关注反复发生海底滑坡和近海设施的地区。
Submarine landslides can be tremendous in scale. They are one of the most important processes for global sediment fluxes and tsunami generation. However, studies of prodigious submarine landslides remain insufficient. In this review paper, we compile, summarize, and reanalyze the results of previous studies. Based on this reanalysis, we discover the giant Baiyun–Liwan submarine slide in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea. We describe three concurrent pieces of evidence from ~23 Ma to 24 Ma, the Oligocene–Miocene boundary, for this landslide: the shoreward shift of the shelf break in the Baiyun Sag, the slump deposition to the southeast, and the abrupt decrease in the accumulation rate on the lower continental slope. This landslide extends for over 250 km, and the total affected area of the slide is up to ~35,000–40,000 km2. The scale of the landslide is similar to that of the Storegga slide, which has long been considered to be the largest landslide on earth. We suggest that strike–slip movement along the Red River Fault and ridge jump of the South China Sea caused the coeval Baiyun–Liwan submarine slide. The identification of the giant landslide will promote the understanding of not only its associated geohazards but also the steep rise of the Himalayan orogeny and marine engineering. More attention needs to be paid to areas with repeated submarine landslides and offshore installations.