Lateral Stability of Vehicles Crossing a Bridge during an Earthquake
Lateral Stability of Vehicles Crossing a Bridge during an Earthquake
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001211
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
D. Siringoringo;Y. Fujino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Siringoringo;Y. Fujino
在2011年东日本大地震期间，一辆卡车在横滨湾斜拉桥上翻车。在1995年坂神（或科比）地震期间，坂神高速公路的高架桥也发生了类似的事件。车辆的侧翻会导致桥梁损坏、驾驶员受伤以及其他车辆损坏。此外，这一事件可能造成主要交通线长达数小时的堵塞，阻碍灾后救援工作。目前，关于地震反应对移动车辆稳定性影响的研究非常有限。本文提出了一个通用的分析框架，用于分析车辆在地震时通过桥梁的横向稳定性。考虑车辆面内和面外运动以及驾驶员反应模型，建立了桥梁地震激励下两轴车辆的运动方程。以2011年东日本大地震时记录的地面加速度为输入，对横滨湾斜拉桥进行了三维有限元数值模拟。仿真结果表明，由于地震引起的桥面振动会降低车轮上的有效法向力。为了评估车辆稳定性，研究了两种情况：侧翻和侧滑稳定性。侧翻稳定性定义了可能导致侧翻的临界条件，并且与车轮上的零法向力相关。横向滑移稳定性是指地震引起的侧向力与车轮摩擦力提供的滑移阻力之间的侧向力平衡。案例研究和讨论涉及不同的驾驶反应，如减速，和司机的反应模型提供了两个稳定性条件。
During the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake, the rollover of a truck crossing the Yokohama Bay cable-stayed bridge was reported. A similar incident was also reported at the viaduct of the Hanshin-Expressway during the 1995 Hanshin (or Kobe) earthquake. Rollover of a vehicle can cause damage to the bridge, injury to the driver, and damage to other vehicles. Moreover, the incident can create hours of blockage of the major traffic line and impede postdisaster relief efforts. Currently, there are very limited studies on the effect of the seismic response on the stability of moving vehicles. This paper presents a general analytical framework for the analysis of the lateral stability of a vehicle crossing a bridge during an earthquake. An equation of motion for a two-axle vehicle under seismic excitation from a bridge girder was developed considering in-plane and out-of-plane vehicle motions and a driver reaction model. Numerical simulations were conducted using three-dimensional finite elements of the Yokohama Bay cable-stayed bridge using ground accelerations recorded during the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake as the inputs. Results of the simulation showed that the significant bridge-deck vibration due to an earthquake reduces the effective normal force on vehicle wheels. To evaluate vehicle stability, two conditions were studied: rollover and lateral-slip stability. Rollover stability defines the critical condition that might lead to a rollover and that is related to zero normal force on the wheels. The lateral-slip stability relates to the lateral force equilibrium between the earthquake-induced lateral force and the slip resistance provided by wheel friction. Case studies and discussions involving different driving responses, such as deceleration, and the driver’s reaction model were provided for both stability conditions.