Bactericidal action of histone.
Bactericidal action of histone.
复制标题
组蛋白的杀菌作用。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.108.6.925
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发表时间：
1958-12-01
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
HIRSCH, J G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HIRSCH, J G
小牛胸腺组蛋白（组蛋白B）的富精氨酸组分在体外一定条件下对多种大肠杆菌和微球菌具有杀菌活性。最终浓度小于1 µg。组蛋白/ml。杀死敏感微生物而没有可检测的形态学改变或溶解。对组蛋白高度敏感的微生物包括埃希氏菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、假单胞菌、克雷伯氏菌和化脓性微球菌变种。阿不思不太敏感或完全耐药的是变形杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、化脓性微球菌变种。金黄色葡萄球菌和各种类型的溶血性链球菌。在固体培养基中生长的大肠菌群比在液体培养基中生长的大肠菌群对组蛋白的致死作用的抵抗力更强。这种差异显然与细菌的生理状态有关;用水洗涤的琼脂生长的微生物仍然对组蛋白具有抗性，而在肉汤中孵育迅速使它们更敏感。组蛋白被吸附到热灭活的E.大肠杆菌K-12在适合于对该生物体的致死作用的条件下。组蛋白的杀菌活性几乎不受试验系统pH值的影响，但介质的离子强度产生显著影响，当盐浓度达到高于0.15-0.2 M NaCl的水平时，致死作用被降低或阻断。相对高浓度的兔血清或牛血浆白蛋白可降低组蛋白在pH 7介质中的杀菌活性;然而，这些血清制剂在pH 5.6的试验系统中基本上没有影响。通过向培养基中加入少量的某些碱性物质（鱼精蛋白、精胺）或各种酸性多糖（肝素、核酸、细菌脂多糖）来拮抗组蛋白的杀菌作用。E. coli K-12中组蛋白的表达量随着温度的升高和组蛋白浓度的增加而增加。在研究的限度内，该速率似乎也与系统中的细菌浓度成正比。
The arginine-rich fraction of calf thymus histone (histone B) exerts bactericidal activity on various coliform bacilli and micrococci under certain conditions in vitro. Final concentrations of less than 1 µg. histone per ml. kill susceptible microbes without detectable morphological alteration or lysis. Among the microorganisms highly susceptible to histone are Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Micrococcus pyogenes var. albus. Less susceptible or completely resistant are Proteus, Serratia, Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus, and various types of hemolytic streptococci. Coliforms grown on solid media are much more resistant to the lethal effect of histone than are those cultured in liquid media. This difference is apparently related to the physiological state of the bacteria; agar grown microorganisms washed with water remain resistant to histone, whereas incubation in broth rapidly renders them more susceptible. Histone is adsorbed onto heat-killed E. coli K-12 under conditions suitable for lethal action on this organism. The bactericidal activity of histone is but little affected by pH of the test system, but ionic strength of the medium exerts a marked influence, the lethal action being reduced or blocked as the salt concentration reaches levels higher than that of 0.15–0.2 M NaCl. Relatively high concentrations of rabbit serum or of bovine plasma albumin reduce the bactericidal activity of histone in a medium at pH 7; these serum preparations are, however, essentially without effect in the test system at pH 5.6. The bactericidal effect of histone is antagonized by addition to the medium of small amounts of certain basic substances (protamine, spermine), or of various acid polysaccharides (heparin, nucleic acid, bacterial lipopolysaccharides). The rate of killing of E. coli K-12 by histone increases as the temperature and the concentration of histone are raised. Within the limits studied, this rate also appears to be directly proportional to the concentration of bacteria in the system.