Environmental effects on immune responses in patients with atopy and asthma.
Environmental effects on immune responses in patients with atopy and asthma.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.064
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发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peden DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller RL;Peden DB
尽管几十年来在改善空气质量方面进行了尝试并取得了一些成功，但目前美国全国的趋势表明，暴露于室外和室内空气污染仍然是哮喘发展和引发哮喘症状的重要风险因素。新兴科学还表明，产前和幼儿时期的环境暴露会增加患哮喘的风险。多种机制介导了这种风险，因为各种有害的空气污染物有助于哮喘的发病机制，包括各种复杂的哮喘表型。在这篇综述中，我们将考虑改变先天性和适应性免疫反应的作用，基因与环境的相互作用，表观遗传调控，并可能通过表观基因与环境的相互作用。更深入地了解暴露于空气污染对哮喘，过敏和其他气道疾病影响的机制可以确定治疗目标。这些干预措施将包括减少暴露最多和最脆弱人群的污染源，以及减少哮喘发病率的新药物策略。
Despite attempts and some successes to improve air quality over the decades, current U.S. national trends suggest that exposure to outdoor and indoor air pollution remains a significant risk factor for both the development of asthma and the triggering of asthma symptoms. Emerging science also suggests that environmental exposures during the prenatal period and early childhood years increase the risk of developing asthma. Multiple mechanisms mediate this risk as a wide range of deleterious air pollutants contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma, across a variety of complex asthma phenotypes. In this review, we will consider the role of altered innate and adaptive immune responses, gene by environment interactions, epigenetic regulation, and possibly gene by environment by epigene interactions. Gaining a greater understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the impact of exposure to air pollution on asthma, allergies, and other airway diseases can identify targets for therapy. Such interventions will include pollutant source reduction amongst those most exposed and most vulnerable, and novel pharmaceutical strategies to reduce asthma morbidity.