HORMONAL INDUCTION OF ALL STAGES OF SPERMATOGENESIS INVITRO IN THE MALE JAPANESE EEL (ANGUILLA-JAPONICA)
HORMONAL INDUCTION OF ALL STAGES OF SPERMATOGENESIS INVITRO IN THE MALE JAPANESE EEL (ANGUILLA-JAPONICA)
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.88.13.5774
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发表时间：
1991-07-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
NAGAHAMA, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MIURA, T;YAMAUCHI, K;NAGAHAMA, Y
促性腺激素和雄激素对于脊椎动物精子发生的重要性已被普遍接受，但特定激素所起的作用尚未阐明。在培养条件下，雄性日本鳗鱼（Anguilla japonica）的睾丸未成熟，仅含有有丝分裂前精原细胞、A型和早期B型精原细胞。在本研究中，最近开发的鳗鱼睾丸器官培养系统用于确定各种类固醇激素对精子发生的体外影响。在含有 11-酮睾酮（10 ng/ml）（雄性鳗鱼的主要雄激素）的无血清、化学成分确定的培养基中培养 9 天后，A 型和早期 B 型精原细胞开始有丝分裂，产生晚期 B 型精原细胞。 18天后，具有联会复合体的合子精母细胞出现，表明此时减数分裂已经开始。在培养21天的睾丸碎片中，观察到圆形精子细胞和处于各个发育阶段的生精细胞的精子。在培养基中添加 11-酮睾酮也引起支持细胞的显着细胞学活化。没有测试过其他类固醇激素具有这样的刺激作用。这些结果与我们之前的观察结果一起表明，鳗鱼睾丸中精子发生的激素诱导遵循以下顺序：促性腺激素刺激间质细胞产生 11-酮睾酮，进而激活支持细胞，从而完成精子发生。因此，这是动物系统的一个例子，其中精子发生的所有阶段都是通过体外激素操作诱导的。
The importance of gonadotropins and androgens for spermatogenesis is generally accepted in vertebrates, but the role played by specific hormones has not been clarified. Under cultivation conditions, male Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) have immature testes containing only premitotic spermatogonia, type A and early-type B spermatogonia. In the present study, a recently developed organ-culture system for eel testes was used to determine in vitro effects of various steroid hormones on spermatogenesis. After 9 days of culture in serum-free, chemically defined medium containing 11-ketotestosterone (10 ng/ml), a major androgen in male eels, type A and early-type B spermatogonia began mitosis, producing late-type B spermatogonia. After 18 days, zygotene spermatocytes with synaptonemal complexes appeared, indicating that meiosis had already started by this time. In testis fragments cultured for 21 days, round spermatids and spermatozoa were observed with spermatogenic cells at all stages of development. Addition of 11-ketotestosterone to the culture medium also caused a marked cytological activation of Sertoli cells. No other steroid hormones tested had such stimulatory effects. These results, together with our earlier observations, suggest the following sequence for the hormonal induction of spermatogenesis in eel testes; gonadotropin stimulates the Leydig cells to produce 11-ketotestosterone, which, in turn, activates the Sertoli cells leading to the completion of spermatogenesis. This is, thus, an example of an animal system in which all stages of spermatogenesis have been induced by hormonal manipulation in vitro.